Infection control precautions by disease: Difference between revisions

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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Disease
! Disease or syndrome !! Type of precautions !! Duration !! Notes
!Organisms!!Type of precautions!!Duration!!Notes
|-
|-
| Abscess (with significant drainage)
|[[Abscess]] (with significant drainage)
|various
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Until drainage controlled
|Until drainage controlled
|
|
|-
|-
| Abscess (no significant drainage)
|[[Abscess]] (no significant drainage)
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Actinomycosis]]
|[[Amoebiasis]]
|[[Entamoeba histolytica]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Rarely transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Adenovirus]]
|[[Actinomycosis]]
|[[Actinomyces species]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to specific syndrome (e.g. gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, or pneumonia)
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|-
| [[Amoebiasis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
| Rarely transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Anthrax]]
|[[Anthrax]]
|[[Bacillus anthracis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Anthrax]] (cutaneous)
|[[Anthrax]] (cutaneous)
|[[Bacillus anthracis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Contact precautions if significant drainage
|Contact precautions if significant drainage
|-
|-
| [[Anthrax]] (pulmonary)
|[[Anthrax]] (pulmonary)
|[[Bacillus anthracis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis
| Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis (e.g. ([[eastern equine encephlitis]], [[western equine encephalitis]], [[Venezuelan equine encephalitis]], [[ St. Louis encephalitis]], [[California encephalitis]], [[West Nile virus]])
|[[Eastern equine encephalitis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| Arthropod-borne viral fever (e.g. [[dengue]], [[yellow fever]], [[Colorado tick fever]])
|Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis
|[[western equine encephalitis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis
| [[Ascariasis]]
|[[Venezuelan equine encephalitis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
| [[Aspergillosis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
| Can consider contact or airborne if large draining infection requiring repeat irrigations
|-
|-
|Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis
| [[Babesiosis]]
|[[ St. Louis encephalitis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis
| [[Blastomycosis]]
|[[California encephalitis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis
| [[Botulism]]
|[[West Nile virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis
| [[Botulism]] (food poisoning)
|not otherwise specified
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|Arthropod-borne viral fever
| [[Bronchiolitis]]
|[[Dengue virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Duration of illness
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|Arthropod-borne viral fever
| [[Brucellosis]]
|[[Yellow fever virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|Arthropod-borne viral fever
| [[Campylobacter species]] (gastroenteritis)
|[[Colorado tick fever virus]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|-
| [[Candidiasis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Cat-scratch fever]]
|Arthropod-borne viral fever
|not otherwise specified
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Cellulitis]]
|[[Ascariasis]]
|[[Ascaris lumbricoides]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|[[Aspergillosis]]
|[[Aspergillus species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Can consider contact or airborne if large draining infection requiring repeat irrigations
|-
|-
| [[Chancroid]]
|[[Babesiosis]]
|[[Babesia microti]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Sexually transmitted
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Chickenpox]]
|[[Blastomycosis]]
|[[Blastomyces dermatitidis]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Varicella
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|-
| [[Chlamydia trachomatis]] (conjunctivitis)
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Botulism]]
| [[Chlamydia trachomatis]] (lymphogranuloma venereum)
|[[Clostridium botulinum]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Botulism]] (food poisoning)
| [[Chlamydia trachomatis]] (infant pneumonia)
|[[Clostridium botulinum]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Bronchiolitis]]
| [[Chlamydia pneumoniae]]
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Duration of illness
|
|
|
|-
| [[Cholera]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
|-
|[[Brucellosis]]
| [[Clostridium botulinum]]
|[[Brucella melitensis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|Burn infection
| [[Clostridium difficile]]
|[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Duration of illness
|Until drainage stops or is controlled
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Candidiasis]]
| [[Clostridium perfringens]] (food poisoning)
|[[Candida species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Cat-scratch fever]]
| [[Clostridium perfringens]] (gas gangrene)
|[[Bartonella henselae]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Rarely transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Coccidioidomycosis]]
|[[Cellulitis]]
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Chancroid]]
| [[Colorado tick fever]]
|[[Haemophilus ducreyi]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Sexually transmitted
|-
|-
| [[Congenital rubella]]
|[[Chickenpox]]
|[[Varicella-zoster virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| colspan="3" |Refer to Varicella
| Until 1 year of age
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine precautions if nasopharyngeal and urine cultures are repeatedly negative after 3 months of age
|-
|-
|[[Chlamydia pneumoniae]]
| [[Conjunctivitis]] (bacterial)
|
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Cholera]]
| [[Conjuctivitis]] (viral)
|[[Vibrio cholerae]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
| Duration of illness
| Highly contageous
|-
|-
| [[Coxsackie virus]]
|[[Clostridium difficile]]
|[[Clostridium difficile]]
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|[[Coccidioidomycosis]]
|[[Coccidioides immitis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
| Refer to Enteroviral infection
|-
|-
|[[Congenital rubella]]
| [[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]]
|[[Rubella virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Until 1 year of age
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine precautions if nasopharyngeal and urine cultures are repeatedly negative after 3 months of age
|-
|[[Conjunctivitis]]
|[[Adenovirus]]
| colspan="3" |Refer to specific syndrome (conjunctivitis)
|-
|[[Conjunctivitis]]
|[[Chlamydia trachomatis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Croup]]
|[[Conjunctivitis]]
|bacterium, not otherwise specified
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
| Refer to Respiratory infections in infants and young children
|-
|-
|[[Conjuctivitis]]
| [[Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever]]
|virus, not otherwise specified
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Duration of illness
|Highly contageous
|-
|[[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]]
|[[Prions]]
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
| Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
|-
|-
| [[Cryptococcosis]]
|[[Croup]]
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| colspan="3" |Refer to Respiratory infections in infants and young children
|-
|[[Cryptococcosis]]
|[[Cryptococcus species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Cryptosporidiosis]]
|[[Cryptosporidiosis]]
|[[Cryptosporidium species]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
|-
| [[Cysticercosis]]
|[[Cysticercosis]]
|[[Taenia solium]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Cytomegalovirus]]
|[[Cytomegalovirus]]
|[[Cytomegalovirus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Dengue]]
|[[Dengue]]
|[[Dengue virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Diphtheria]] (cutaneous)
|[[Diphtheria]] (cutaneous)
|[[Corynebacterium diphtheriae]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Until completed treatment and cultures negative
|Until completed treatment and cultures negative
| Two cultures 24 hours apart
|Two cultures 24 hours apart
|-
|-
| [[Diphtheria]] (pharyngeal)
|[[Diphtheria]] (pharyngeal)
|[[Corynebacterium diphtheriae]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| Until completed treatment and cultures negative
|Until completed treatment and cultures negative
| Two cultures 24 hours apart
|Two cultures 24 hours apart
|-
|-
| [[Ebola]]
|[[Echinococcosis]]
|[[Echinococcus species]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|-
| [[Echinococcosis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Echovirus]]
|[[Encephalitis]]
|[[Herpes simplex virus]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Enteroviral infection
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|-
| [[Encephalitis]] or [[encephalomyelitis]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to specific organism
|-
| [[Endometritis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Encephalitis]] or [[encephalomyelitis]]
| [[Enterobiasis]] (pinworm)
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| colspan="3" |Refer to specific organism
|-
|[[Endometritis]]
|[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Endometritis]]
| [[Enterovirus]] (continent)
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Epiglottitis]]
| [[Enterovirus]] (diapered or incontinent)
|[[Haemophilus influenzae]] type b
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| Duration of illness
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Food poisoning]]
| [[Epiglottitis]] from [[Haemophilus influenzae]] type b
|[[Clostridium botulinum]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Food poisoning]]
| [[Epstein-Barr virus]], including infectious mononucleosis
|[[Clostridium perfringens]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Food poisoning]]
| [[Escherichia coli]] (gastroenteritis)
|[[Clostridium perfringens]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| Food poisoning (botulism, clostridial, staphylococcal)
|[[Food poisoning]]
|[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Furunculosis]]
| Gangrene
|[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Consider Contact precautions if uncontrolled drainage
|-
|[[Furunculosis]] (infants and young children)
|[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Until no longer draining
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Gangrene]]
| [[Gastroenteritis]] (continent)
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Gas gangrene]]
| [[Gastroenteritis]] (incontinent or diapered)
|[[Clostridium perfringens]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Duration of illness
|
|
|Rarely transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Gastroenteritis]] ([[norovirus]])
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
|[[Adenovirus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
| 48 hours after resolution of symptoms
|
|-
|-
| [[Gastroenteritis]] ([[rotavirus]])
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
|[[Campylobacter species]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
| Duration of illness
|
|-
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
| [[Giardia lamblia]] (gastroenteritis)
|[[Coxsackievirus]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
| colspan="3" |Refer to Enterovirus
|-
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
| Gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum
|[[Echovirus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| colspan="3" |Refer to Enterovirus
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Gonorrhea]]
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
|[[Enterovirus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]] (diapered or incontinent)
| [[Granuloma inguinale]]
|[[Enterovirus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
| [[Guillain-Barré syndrome]]
|[[Escherichia coli]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
|
| Not an infectious disease
|-
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
| [[Haemophilus influenzae]]
|[[Giardia lamblia]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to disease-specific recommendations
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
| [[Hantavirus]] pulmonary syndrome
|[[Norovirus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|48 hours after resolution of symptoms
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
| [[Helicobacter pylori]]
|[[Rotavirus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Hepatitis A virus]]
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
|[[Shigella species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
|
| Consider vaccination as post-exposure prophylaxis
|-
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
| [[Hepatitis A virus]] (incontinent or diapered)
|[[Vibrio cholerae]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
| <3 years: duration of hospitalization; 3-14 years: 2 weeks after onset; >14 years: 1 week after onset
|
|-
|-
| [[Hepatitis B virus]]
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
|[[Vibrio parahaemolyticus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
|[[Vibrio vulnificus]]
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]]
|[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]] (continent)
|not otherwise specified
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Gastroenteritis]] (diapered or incontinent)
| [[Hepatitis C virus]]
|not otherwise specified
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Hepatitis D virus]]
|[[Gastritis]]
|[[Helicobacter pylori]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum]]
| [[Hepatitis E virus]] (continent)
|[[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Gonorrhea]]
| [[Hepatitis E virus]] (incontinent or diapered)
|[[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Duration of illness
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Hepatitis G virus]]
|[[Granuloma inguinale]]
|[[Klebsiella granulomatis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Guillain-Barré syndrome]]
| [[Hookworm]]
|—
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|Not an infectious disease
|-
|-
|[[Hantavirus]] pulmonary syndrome
| [[Herpes simplex virus]] (encephalitis)
|[[Hantavirus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Herpes simplex virus]] (disseminated, primary, or severe)
|Herpes (disseminated, primary, or severe)
|[[Herpes simplex virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Until lesions dry and crusted
|Until lesions dry and crusted
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Herpes simplex virus]] (mucocutaneous recurrent)
|Herpes (mucocutaneous recurrent)
|[[Herpes simplex virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Herpes simplex virus]] (neonatal)
|Herpes (neonatal)
|[[Herpes simplex virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Until lesions dry and crsted
|Until lesions dry and crsted
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Hookworm]]
| [[Herpes zoster virus]] (disseminated or immunocompromised)
|various
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne + Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Duration of illness
|
|-
| [[Herpes zoster virus]] (localized in immunocompetent)
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Histoplasmosis]]
|[[Histoplasmosis]]
|[[Histoplasma capsulatum]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[HIV]]
|[[HIV]]
|[[HIV]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Sexually transmitted
|Sexually transmitted
|-
|-
|[[Impetigo]]
| [[Human metapneumovirus]]
|[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Duration of illness
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Infectious mononucleosis]] and other syndromes
| [[Impetigo]]
|[[Epstein-Barr virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Infectious mononucleosis]]
|[[Infectious mononucleosis]]
|[[Cytomegalovirus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Influenza]] (seasonal)
|[[Influenza]] (seasonal)
|[[Influenza virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| 7 days after onset or 24 hours asymptomatic (whichever longer)
|7 days after onset or 24 hours asymptomatic (whichever longer)
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Influenza]] (avian)
|[[Influenza]] (avian)
|[[Influenza virus]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Influenza]] (pandemic)
|[[Influenza]] (pandemic)
|[[Influenza virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Invasive Group A streptococcal disease
| [[Kawasaki syndrome]]
|[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
| Not infectious
|-
|-
| [[Lassa fever]]
|[[Kawasaki syndrome]]
|—
| colspan=3 | Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|Not infectious
|-
|-
| [[Legionellosis]]
|[[Legionellosis]]
|[[Legionella species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Leprosy]]
|[[Leprosy]]
|[[Mycobacterium leprae]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Leptospirosis]]
|[[Leptospirosis]]
|[[Leptospira species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Lice]] (head)
|[[Lice]] (head)
|[[Pediculus humanus humanus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Until 24 hours of effective therapy
|Until 24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Lice]] (body)
|[[Lice]] (body)
|[[Pediculus humanus capitis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Transmitted through clothing, so consider Contact precautions when undressing patient
|Transmitted through clothing, so consider Contact precautions when undressing patient
|-
|-
| [[Lice]] (pubic)
|[[Lice]] (pubic)
|[[Pthirus pubis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Sexually transmitted
|Sexually transmitted
|-
|-
| [[Listeriosis]]
|[[Listeriosis]]
|[[Listeria species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Lyme disease]]
|[[Lyme disease]]
|[[Borrelia burgdorferi]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Lymphocytic choriomeningitis]]
|[[Lymphocytic choriomeningitis]]
|[[Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Lymphogranuloma venereum]]
|[[Lymphogranuloma venereum]]
|[[Chlamydia trachomatis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Malaria]]
|[[Malaria]]
|[[Plasmodium species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Marburg virus]]
|[[Measles]]
|[[Measles virus]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne
|-
|4 days after onset of rash
| [[Measles]]
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne
| 4 days after onset of rash
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Measles]] (immunocompromised)
|[[Measles]] (immunocompromised)
|[[Measles virus]]
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne
| Duration of illness
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Melioidosis]]
|[[Melioidosis]]
|[[Burkholderia pseudomallei]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Meningitis]] (aseptic)
|[[Meningitis]] (aseptic)
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Contact for infants and young children
|Contact for infants and young children
|-
|-
| [[Meningitis]] (Gram-negative bacterial)
|[[Meningitis]]
|Gram-negative bacterium
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Meningitis]] (fungal)
|[[Meningitis]]
|fungus
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Meningitis]] ([[Haemophilus influenzae]] type b)
|[[Meningitis]]
|[[Haemophilus influenzae]] type b
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Meningitis]] ([[Listeria monocytogenes]])
|[[Meningitis]]
|[[Listeria monocytogenes]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Meningitis]] ([[Neisseria meningitidis]])
|[[Meningitis]]
|[[Neisseria meningitidis]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Meningitis]] ([[Streptococcus pneumoniae]])
|[[Meningitis]]
|[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Meningitis]] ([[Tuberculosis]])
|[[Meningitis]]
|[[Tuberculosis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Rule out pulmonary disease and draining adenitis
|Rule out pulmonary disease and draining adenitis
|-
|-
| [[Meningitis]] (other bacteria)
|[[Meningitis]]
|bacterium, not otherwise specified
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Molluscum contagiosum]]
|[[Molluscum contagiosum]]
|[[Molluscum contagiosum virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Monkeypox]]
|[[Monkeypox]]
|[[Monkeypox virus]]
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne + Contact
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne until smallpox ruled out; contact until lesions crusted
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne + Contact
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne until smallpox ruled out; contact until lesions crusted
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Mucormycosis]]
|[[Mucormycosis]]
|[[Mucorales]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) (e.g. MRSA, VRE, ESBL)
|Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs)
|various (e.g. MRSA, VRE, ESBL)
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|
|
| Based on local guidelines
|Based on local guidelines
|-
|-
| [[Mumps]]
|[[Mumps]]
|[[Mumps virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| 5 days after onset of swelling
|5 days after onset of swelling
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Necrotizing enterocolitis]]
| [[Mycoplasma]] (pneumonia)
|various
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Duration of illness
|
|
|-
| [[Necrotizing enterocolitis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|
|-
| [[Neisseria meningitidis]] (sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis)
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| 24 hours of effective therapy
| Contacts may need post-exposure prophylaxis
|-
|-
| [[Nocardiosis]]
|[[Nocardiosis]]
|[[Nocardia species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted human-to-human
|Not transmitted human-to-human
|-
|-
|[[Orf]]
| [[Non-tuberculous mycobacteria]]
|[[Orf virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Parvovirus B19]] (immunocompromised)
| [[Norovirus]] (gastroenteritis)
|[[Parvovirus B19]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
|-
|Duration of hospitalization
| [[Orf]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|-
|[[Parvovirus B19]] (transient aplastic crisis)
|[[Parvovirus B19]]
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
|7 days
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Pertussis]]
| [[Parainfluenza]] (respiratory in infants and young children)
|[[Bordatella pertussis]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| Duration of illness
|5 days of effective therapy
| Prolonged shedding in immunocompromised
|Single-patient room preferred; contacts may need post-exposure prophylaxis
|-
|-
|[[Pharyngitis]] (infants and young children)
| [[Parvovirus B19]] (immunocompromised)
|[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| Duration of hospitalization
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Pinworm]]
| [[Parvovirus B19]] (transient aplastic crisis)
|[[Enterobius vermicularis]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| 7 days
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Plague]] (bubonic)
| [[Pertussis]]
|[[Yersinia pestis]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| 5 days of effective therapy
| Single-patient room preferred; contacts may need post-exposure prophylaxis
|-
| [[Pinworm]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[adenovirus]]
|[[Plague]] (pneumonic)
|[[Yersinia pestis]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet + Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| Duration of illness
|48 hours of effective therapy
|Consider prophylaxis in healthcare workers
|-
|[[Pneumonia]]
|[[Adenovirus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet + Contact
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] (bacterial, not otherwise specified)
|[[Pneumonia]]
|[[Chlamydia pneumoniae]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[Chlamydia]])
|[[Pneumonia]] (infants)
|[[Chlamydia trachomatis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] (fungal)
|[[Pneumonia]]
|fungus
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[H. influenzae]] type b in adults)
|[[Pneumonia]] (adults)
|[[Haemophilus influenzae]] type b
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[H. influenzae]] type b in infants and children)
|[[Pneumonia]] (children)
|[[Haemophilus influenzae]] type b
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[Legionella]])
|[[Pneumonia]]
|[[Legionella species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[Neisseria meningitidis]])
|[[Pneumonia]]
|[[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[Mycoplasma]])
|[[Pneumonia]]
|[[Neisseria meningitidis]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| Duration of illness
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[Streptococcus pneumoniae]])
|[[Pneumonia]]
|[[Pneumocystis jiroveci]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
| Droplet precautions if nosocomial outbreak
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[Pneumocystis jiroveci]])
|[[Pneumonia]]
|[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[Staphylococcus aureus]])
|[[Pneumonia]]
|[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Droplet precautions if nosocomial outbreak
|-
|[[Pneumonia]]
|[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Pneumonia]]
| [[Pneumonia]] ([[Group A Streptococcus]] in infants and young children)
|bacterium, not otherwise specified
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] (viral in adults)
|[[Pneumonia]] (adults)
|virus, not otherwise specified
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pneumonia]] (viral in infants and children)
|[[Pneumonia]] (infants and children)
|virus, not otherwise specified
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Duration of illness
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Poliomyelitis]]
|[[Poliomyelitis]]
|[[Poliovirus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Duration of illness
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Pressure ulcer]]
|[[Pressure ulcer]]
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Contact precautions if draining
|Contact precautions if draining
|-
|-
| [[Prion disease]]
|[[Prion disease]]
|[[Prions]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Psittacosis]]
|[[Psittacosis]]
|[[Chlamydia psittaci]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Q fever]]
|[[Q fever]]
|[[Coxiella burnetii]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Rabies]]
|[[Rabies]]
|[[Rabies virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Very rare person-to-person transmission
|Very rare person-to-person transmission
|-
|-
| [[Rat-bite fever]] ([[Streptobacillus moniliformis]] or [[Spirillum minus]])
|[[Rat-bite fever]]
|[[Streptobacillus moniliformis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Relapsing fever]]
|[[Rat-bite fever]]
|[[Spirillum minus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Contact
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Relapsing fever]]
| Respiratory infections (adults, not otherwise specified)
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| Respiratory infection (infants and children, not otherwise specified)
|Respiratory infection
|[[Human metapneumovirus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Duration of illness
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
| Respiratory infection (adults, not otherwise specified)
|Respiratory infections (adults)
|not otherwise specified
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Respiratory syncytial virus]] (infants, young children, and immunocompromised)
|Respiratory infection (infants and young children)
|[[Parainfluenza virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| Duration of illness
|Duration of illness
| Immunocompromised patients may have prolonged shedding
|Prolonged shedding in immunocompromised
|-
|-
|Respiratory infection (infants and children)
| [[Reye syndrome]]
|not otherwise specified
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Duration of illness
|
|
| Not an infectious disease
|-
|-
|Respiratory infection (infants, young children, and immunocompromised)
| [[Rheumatic fever]]
|[[Respiratory syncytial virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Duration of illness
|Immunocompromised patients may have prolonged shedding
|-
|[[Reye syndrome]]
|—
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|Not an infectious disease
|-
|[[Rheumatic fever]]
|[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Rhinovirus]]
|[[Rhinovirus]]
|[[Rhinovirus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| Duration of illness
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Rickettsioses]]
|[[Rickettsioses]]
|[[Rickettsia species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted human-to-human
|Not transmitted human-to-human
|-
|-
| [[Rickettsialpox]] (vesicular)
|[[Rickettsialpox]] (vesicular)
|[[Rickettsia akari]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Ringworm]]
|[[Ringworm]]
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever]]
|[[Rocky Mountain spotted fever]]
|[[Rickettsia rickettsii]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Roseola infantum]]
|[[Roseola infantum]]
|[[Roseolavirus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Rubella]]
| [[Rotavirus]] (gastroenteritis)
|[[Rubella virus]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis (rotavirus)
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
|-
|7 days after rash onset
| [[Rubella]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| 7 days after rash onset
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Salmonellosis]] (gastroenteritis)
|[[Salmonellosis]]
|[[Salmonella species]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
|-
| [[Scabies]]
|[[Scabies]]
|[[Sarcoptes scabiei]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|-
|-
| [[SARS coronavirus]]
|[[SARS coronavirus]]
|[[SARS-CoV]]
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne + Droplet + Contact
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne + Droplet + Contact
| 10 days after symptoms resolve
|10 days after symptoms resolve
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Scalded skin syndrome]]
| [[Schistosomiasis]]
|[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Duration of illness
|
|
|
|-
| [[Shigella species]] (gastroenteritis)
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
|-
| [[Smallpox]]
|[[Scarlet fever]]
|[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne + Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
| Until all scabs have crusted and separated
|24 hours of appropriate therapy
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Sporotrichosis]]
|[[Schistosomiasis]]
|[[Schistosoma species]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Sepsis]]
| [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (food poisoning)
|[[Neisseria meningitidis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
|24 hours of effective therapy
|Contacts may need post-exposure prophylaxis
|-
|[[Neonatal sepsis|Sepsis (neonatal)]]
|[[Group B streptococcus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Shingles]] (disseminated or immunocompromised)
| [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (furunculosis)
|[[Varicella-zoster virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne + Contact
|Duration of illness
|
|
| Consider Contact precautions if uncontrolled drainage
|-
|-
|[[Shingles]] (localized in immunocompetent)
| [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (furunculosis in infants and young children)
|[[Varicella-zoster virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Until no longer draining
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Smallpox]]
| [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (pneumonia)
|[[Smallpox virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne + Contact
|Until all scabs have crusted and separated
|
|
|-
|[[Soft tissue infection]] (major)
|[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Until drainage stops or is controlled
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Soft tissue infection]] (severe)
| [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (scalded skin syndrome)
|[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet + Contact
| Duration of illness
|24 hours of effective therapy and drainage contained
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Soft tissue infection]] (mild)
| [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (major soft tissue, wound, or burn)
|[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Until drainage stops or is controlled
|
|
|If drainage controlled
|-
|-
|[[Sporotrichosis]]
| [[Staphylococcus aureus]] ([[toxic shock syndrome]])
|[[Sporothrix schenckii]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Strongyloidiasis]]
| [[Streptococcus pyogenes]] (severe soft tissue)
|
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet + Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| 24 hours of effective therapy and drainage contained
|
|
|-
| [[Streptococcus pyogenes]] (minor soft tissue)
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
| If drainage controlled
|-
|-
|[[Syphilis]]
| [[Streptococcus pyogenes]] (endometritis)
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|-
| [[Streptococcus pyogenes]] (pharyngitis in infants and young children)
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Tapeworm]]
| [[Streptococcus pyogenes]] (pneumonia)
|[[Hymenolepis nana]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| 24 hours of appropriate therapy
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Tapeworm]]
| [[Streptococcus pyogenes]] (scarlet fever)
|[[Taenia solium]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| 24 hours of appropriate therapy
|
|
|-
| [[Streptococcus pyogenes]] (invasive disease)
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Tapeworm]]
| [[Group B Streptococcus]] (neonatal)
|not otherwise specified
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Strongyloidiasis]]
|[[Tetanus]]
|[[Botulinum tetani]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|[[Tinea]]
|fungus
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Rarely transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Toxic shock syndrome]]
| [[Syphilis]]
|[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Toxic shock syndrome]]
| [[Tapeworm]] ([[Hymenolepis nana]])
|[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet
|24 hours of effective therapy
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Toxoplasmosis]]
| [[Tapeworm]] ([[Taenia solium]])
|[[Toxoplasma gondii]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|Generally not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Tapeworm]] (Other)
|[[Trachoma]]
|[[Chlamydia trachomatis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Tetanus]]
|[[Trench mouth]]
|various
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
| [[Tinea]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
| Rarely transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Toxoplasmosis]]
|[[Trichinosis]]
|[[Trichinella spiralis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
| Generally not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Trichomoniasis]]
| [[Toxic shock syndrome]] (staphylococcal)
|[[Trichomonas vaginalis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Tuberculosis]] (draining lesion)
| [[Toxic shock syndrome]] (streptococcal)
|[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne + Contact
| 24 hours of effective therapy
|Until clinically improving and 3 negative cultures
|Rule out pulmonary disease

|-
|[[Tuberculosis]] (meningitis)
|[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Rule out pulmonary disease and draining lesions
|-
|-
|[[Tuberculosis]] (pulmonary or laryngeal)
| [[Trachoma]]
|[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Tuberculosis]] (latent)
| [[Trench mouth]]
|[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Tularemia]] (draining lesion)
| [[Trichinosis]]
|[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Tularemia]] (pulmonary)
| [[Trichomoniasis]]
|[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Typhoid fever]]
| [[Trichuriasis]] (whipworm)
|[[Salmonella enterica]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| colspan="3" |Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
|[[Typhus]] (epidemic/louse-borne)
|[[Rickettsia prowazekii]]
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Tuberculosis]] (draining lesion)
|[[Typhus]] (murine/flea-borne)
|[[Rickettsia typhi]]
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne + Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Until clinically improving and 3 negative cultures
| Rule out pulmonary disease

|-
| [[Tuberculosis]] (meningitis)
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
| Rule out pulmonary disease and draining lesions
|-
|-
|[[Urinary tract infection]] including [[pyelonephritis]]
| [[Tuberculosis]] (pulmonary or laryngeal)
|various
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Vaccinia]] (vaccination site care)
| [[Tuberculosis]] (latent)
|[[Vaccinia virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Vaccinate healthcare workers
|-
|[[Vaccinia]] (eczema vaccinatum)
|[[Vaccinia virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Tularemia]] (draining lesion)
|[[Vaccinia]] (fetal vaccinia)
|[[Vaccinia virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Tularemia]] (pulmonary)
|[[Vaccinia]] (generalized vaccinia)
|[[Vaccinia virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
| [[Typhoid fever]] ([[Salmonella typhi]])
|[[Vaccinia]] (progressive vaccinia)
|[[Vaccinia virus]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenterisi
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
|
|-
|-
|[[Vaccinia]] (postvaccinia encephalitis)
| [[Typhus]] (epidemic/louse-borne)
|[[Vaccinia virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Vaccinia]] ([[blepharitis]] or [[conjunctivitis]])
| [[Typhus]] (murine/flea-borne)
|[[Vaccinia virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|Until drainage stops
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|[[Vaccinia]] ([[iritis]] or [[keratitis]])
| [[Urinary tract infection]] including [[pyelonephritis]]
|[[Vaccinia virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| [[Vaccinia]] (vaccination site care)
|[[Vaccinia]] ([[erythema multiforme]] or [[SJS]])
|[[Vaccinia virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Not infectious
| Vaccinate healthcare workers
|-
|-
|[[Varicella]]
| [[Vaccinia]] (eczema vaccinatum)
|[[Varicella-zoster virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne + Contact
| Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
|Until lesions dry and crusted
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Varicella-zoster]] (pneumonia in immunocompromised)
| [[Vaccinia]] (fetal vaccinia)
|[[Varicella-zoster virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:darkred" |Airborne + Contact
| Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Vincent angina]]
| [[Vaccinia]] (generalized vaccinia)
|various
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Viral hemorrhagic fever]]
| [[Vaccinia]] (progressive vaccinia)
|[[Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| colspan="3" |Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
| Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
|-
|[[Viral hemorrhagic fever]]
|[[Ebola virus]]
| colspan="3" |Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
|-
|[[Viral hemorrhagic fever]]
|[[Lassa fever virus]]
| colspan="3" |Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
|-
|[[Viral hemorrhagic fever]]
|[[Marburg virus]]
| colspan="3" |Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
|-
|[[Viral hemorrhagic fever]]
|various
| style="color:goldenrod" |Droplet + Contact
|Duration of illness
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Viral hepatitis]] (continent)
| [[Vaccinia]] (postvaccinia encephalitis)
|[[Hepatitis A virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Consider vaccination as post-exposure prophylaxis
|-
|[[Viral hepatitis]] (diapered or incontinent)
|[[Hepatitis A virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|<3 years: duration of hospitalization; 3-14 years: 2 weeks after onset; >14 years: 1 week after onset
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Viral hepatitis]]
| [[Vaccinia]] ([[blepharitis]] or [[conjunctivitis]])
|[[Hepatitis B virus]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Until drainage stops
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Viral hepatitis]]
| [[Vaccinia]] ([[iritis]] or [[keratitis]])
|[[Hepatitis C virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Viral hepatitis]]
| [[Vaccinia]] ([[erythema multiforme]] or [[SJS]])
|[[Hepatitis D virus]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
| Not infectious
|-
| [[Varicella-zoster]]
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne + Contact
| Until lesions dry and crusted
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Viral hepatitis]] (continent)
| [[Varicella-zoster]] (pneumonia in immunocompromised)
|[[Hepatitis E virus]]
| style="color:darkred" | Airborne + Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Duration of illness
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Viral hepatitis]] (diapered or incontinent)
| [[Vibrio cholerae]] (gastroenteritis)
|[[Hepatitis E virus]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
| style="color:goldenrod" |Contact
|-
|Duration of illness
| [[Vibrio parahaemolyticus]] (gastroenteritis)
|
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
|-
|[[Viral hepatitis]]
| [[Vibrio vulnificus]] (gastroenteritis)
|[[Hepatitis G virus]]
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|-
| [[Vincent angina]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Whipworm]]
| [[Viral hemorrhagic fever]]
|[[Trichuris trichiura]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet + Contact
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
| Duration of illness
|
|
|
|-
|-
|[[Zygomycosis]]
| [[Yersinia enterocolitica]] (gastroenteritis)
| colspan=3 | Refer to Gastroenteritis
|-
| [[Yersinia pestis]] (bubonic plague)
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
|
|
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|Not transmitted person-to-person
|-
|-
|various
| [[Yersinia pestis]] (pneumonic plague)
|[[Haemophilus influenzae]]
| style="color:goldenrod" | Droplet
| colspan="3" |Refer to disease-specific recommendations
| 48 hours of effective therapy
| Consider prophylaxis in healthcare workers
|-
|-
|various
| [[Zygomycosis]]
|[[Non-tuberculous mycobacteria]]
| style="color:darkgreen" | Routine
| style="color:darkgreen" |Routine
|
|
|
| Not transmitted person-to-person
|}
|}


== Further Reading ==
==Further Reading==

* [https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/appendix/type-duration-precautions.html CDC Guidelines for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings]
*[https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/appendix/type-duration-precautions.html CDC Guidelines for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings]

Revision as of 14:48, 6 August 2020

Disease Organisms Type of precautions Duration Notes
Abscess (with significant drainage) various Contact Until drainage controlled
Abscess (no significant drainage) various Routine
Amoebiasis Entamoeba histolytica Routine Rarely transmitted person-to-person
Actinomycosis Actinomyces species Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Anthrax Bacillus anthracis Routine
Anthrax (cutaneous) Bacillus anthracis Routine Contact precautions if significant drainage
Anthrax (pulmonary) Bacillus anthracis Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis Eastern equine encephalitis Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis western equine encephalitis Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis Venezuelan equine encephalitis Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis St. Louis encephalitis Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis California encephalitis Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis West Nile virus Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis not otherwise specified Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral fever Dengue virus Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral fever Yellow fever virus Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral fever Colorado tick fever virus Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Arthropod-borne viral fever not otherwise specified Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Ascariasis Ascaris lumbricoides Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Aspergillosis Aspergillus species Routine Can consider contact or airborne if large draining infection requiring repeat irrigations
Babesiosis Babesia microti Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Blastomycosis Blastomyces dermatitidis Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Botulism Clostridium botulinum Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Botulism (food poisoning) Clostridium botulinum Routine
Bronchiolitis various Contact Duration of illness
Brucellosis Brucella melitensis Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Burn infection Staphylococcus aureus Contact Until drainage stops or is controlled
Candidiasis Candida species Routine
Cat-scratch fever Bartonella henselae Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Cellulitis various Routine
Chancroid Haemophilus ducreyi Routine Sexually transmitted
Chickenpox Varicella-zoster virus Refer to Varicella
Chlamydia pneumoniae Routine
Cholera Vibrio cholerae Refer to Gastroenteritis
Clostridium difficile Clostridium difficile Contact Duration of illness
Coccidioidomycosis Coccidioides immitis Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Congenital rubella Rubella virus Contact Until 1 year of age Routine precautions if nasopharyngeal and urine cultures are repeatedly negative after 3 months of age
Conjunctivitis Adenovirus Refer to specific syndrome (conjunctivitis)
Conjunctivitis Chlamydia trachomatis Routine
Conjunctivitis bacterium, not otherwise specified Routine
Conjuctivitis virus, not otherwise specified Contact Duration of illness Highly contageous
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Prions Routine
Croup various Refer to Respiratory infections in infants and young children
Cryptococcosis Cryptococcus species Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidium species Refer to Gastroenteritis
Cysticercosis Taenia solium Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Cytomegalovirus Cytomegalovirus Routine
Dengue Dengue virus Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Diphtheria (cutaneous) Corynebacterium diphtheriae Contact Until completed treatment and cultures negative Two cultures 24 hours apart
Diphtheria (pharyngeal) Corynebacterium diphtheriae Droplet Until completed treatment and cultures negative Two cultures 24 hours apart
Echinococcosis Echinococcus species Routine
Encephalitis Herpes simplex virus Routine
Encephalitis or encephalomyelitis various Refer to specific organism
Endometritis Streptococcus pyogenes Routine
Endometritis various Routine
Epiglottitis Haemophilus influenzae type b Droplet 24 hours of effective therapy
Food poisoning Clostridium botulinum Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Food poisoning Clostridium perfringens Routine
Food poisoning Clostridium perfringens Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Food poisoning Staphylococcus aureus Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Furunculosis Staphylococcus aureus Routine Consider Contact precautions if uncontrolled drainage
Furunculosis (infants and young children) Staphylococcus aureus Contact Until no longer draining
Gangrene various Routine
Gas gangrene Clostridium perfringens Routine Rarely transmitted person-to-person
Gastroenteritis Adenovirus Refer to Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis Campylobacter species Refer to Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis Coxsackievirus Refer to Enterovirus
Gastroenteritis Echovirus Refer to Enterovirus
Gastroenteritis Enterovirus Routine
Gastroenteritis (diapered or incontinent) Enterovirus Contact Duration of illness
Gastroenteritis Escherichia coli Refer to Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis Giardia lamblia Refer to Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis Norovirus Contact 48 hours after resolution of symptoms
Gastroenteritis Rotavirus Contact Duration of illness
Gastroenteritis Shigella species Refer to Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis Vibrio cholerae Refer to Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis Vibrio parahaemolyticus Refer to Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis Vibrio vulnificus Refer to Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis Yersinia enterocolitica Refer to Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis (continent) not otherwise specified Routine
Gastroenteritis (diapered or incontinent) not otherwise specified Contact Duration of illness
Gastritis Helicobacter pylori Routine
Gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum Neisseria gonorrhoeae Routine
Gonorrhea Neisseria gonorrhoeae Routine
Granuloma inguinale Klebsiella granulomatis Routine
Guillain-Barré syndrome — Routine Not an infectious disease
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome Hantavirus Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Herpes (disseminated, primary, or severe) Herpes simplex virus Contact Until lesions dry and crusted
Herpes (mucocutaneous recurrent) Herpes simplex virus Routine
Herpes (neonatal) Herpes simplex virus Contact Until lesions dry and crsted
Hookworm various Routine
Histoplasmosis Histoplasma capsulatum Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
HIV HIV Routine Sexually transmitted
Impetigo Staphylococcus aureus Contact 24 hours of effective therapy
Infectious mononucleosis and other syndromes Epstein-Barr virus Routine
Infectious mononucleosis Cytomegalovirus Routine
Influenza (seasonal) Influenza virus Droplet 7 days after onset or 24 hours asymptomatic (whichever longer)
Influenza (avian) Influenza virus
Influenza (pandemic) Influenza virus Droplet
Invasive Group A streptococcal disease Streptococcus pyogenes Droplet 24 hours of effective therapy
Kawasaki syndrome — Routine Not infectious
Legionellosis Legionella species Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Leprosy Mycobacterium leprae Routine
Leptospirosis Leptospira species Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Lice (head) Pediculus humanus humanus Contact Until 24 hours of effective therapy
Lice (body) Pediculus humanus capitis Routine Transmitted through clothing, so consider Contact precautions when undressing patient
Lice (pubic) Pthirus pubis Routine Sexually transmitted
Listeriosis Listeria species Routine
Lyme disease Borrelia burgdorferi Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Lymphogranuloma venereum Chlamydia trachomatis Routine
Malaria Plasmodium species Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Measles Measles virus Airborne 4 days after onset of rash
Measles (immunocompromised) Measles virus Airborne Duration of illness
Melioidosis Burkholderia pseudomallei Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Meningitis (aseptic) various Routine Contact for infants and young children
Meningitis Gram-negative bacterium Routine
Meningitis fungus Routine
Meningitis Haemophilus influenzae type b Droplet 24 hours of effective therapy
Meningitis Listeria monocytogenes Routine
Meningitis Neisseria meningitidis Droplet 24 hours of effective therapy
Meningitis Streptococcus pneumoniae Routine
Meningitis Tuberculosis Routine Rule out pulmonary disease and draining adenitis
Meningitis bacterium, not otherwise specified Routine
Molluscum contagiosum Molluscum contagiosum virus Routine
Monkeypox Monkeypox virus Airborne + Contact Airborne until smallpox ruled out; contact until lesions crusted
Mucormycosis Mucorales Routine
Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) various (e.g. MRSA, VRE, ESBL) Contact Based on local guidelines
Mumps Mumps virus Droplet 5 days after onset of swelling
Necrotizing enterocolitis various Routine
Nocardiosis Nocardia species Routine Not transmitted human-to-human
Orf Orf virus Routine
Parvovirus B19 (immunocompromised) Parvovirus B19 Droplet Duration of hospitalization
Parvovirus B19 (transient aplastic crisis) Parvovirus B19 Droplet 7 days
Pertussis Bordatella pertussis Droplet 5 days of effective therapy Single-patient room preferred; contacts may need post-exposure prophylaxis
Pharyngitis (infants and young children) Streptococcus pyogenes Droplet 24 hours of effective therapy
Pinworm Enterobius vermicularis Routine
Plague (bubonic) Yersinia pestis Routine
Plague (pneumonic) Yersinia pestis Droplet 48 hours of effective therapy Consider prophylaxis in healthcare workers
Pneumonia Adenovirus Droplet + Contact Duration of illness
Pneumonia Chlamydia pneumoniae Routine
Pneumonia (infants) Chlamydia trachomatis Routine
Pneumonia fungus Routine
Pneumonia (adults) Haemophilus influenzae type b Routine
Pneumonia (children) Haemophilus influenzae type b Droplet 24 hours of effective therapy
Pneumonia Legionella species Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Pneumonia Mycoplasma pneumoniae Droplet Duration of illness
Pneumonia Neisseria meningitidis Droplet 24 hours of effective therapy
Pneumonia Pneumocystis jiroveci Routine
Pneumonia Staphylococcus aureus Routine
Pneumonia Streptococcus pneumoniae Routine Droplet precautions if nosocomial outbreak
Pneumonia Streptococcus pyogenes Droplet 24 hours of effective therapy
Pneumonia bacterium, not otherwise specified Routine
Pneumonia (adults) virus, not otherwise specified Routine
Pneumonia (infants and children) virus, not otherwise specified Contact Duration of illness
Poliomyelitis Poliovirus Contact Duration of illness
Pressure ulcer various Routine Contact precautions if draining
Prion disease Prions Routine
Psittacosis Chlamydia psittaci Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Q fever Coxiella burnetii Routine
Rabies Rabies virus Routine Very rare person-to-person transmission
Rat-bite fever Streptobacillus moniliformis Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Rat-bite fever Spirillum minus Contact Not transmitted person-to-person
Relapsing fever various Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Respiratory infection Human metapneumovirus Contact Duration of illness
Respiratory infections (adults) not otherwise specified Routine
Respiratory infection (infants and young children) Parainfluenza virus Contact Duration of illness Prolonged shedding in immunocompromised
Respiratory infection (infants and children) not otherwise specified Contact Duration of illness
Respiratory infection (infants, young children, and immunocompromised) Respiratory syncytial virus Contact Duration of illness Immunocompromised patients may have prolonged shedding
Reye syndrome — Routine Not an infectious disease
Rheumatic fever Streptococcus pyogenes Routine
Rhinovirus Rhinovirus Droplet Duration of illness
Rickettsioses Rickettsia species Routine Not transmitted human-to-human
Rickettsialpox (vesicular) Rickettsia akari Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Ringworm various Routine
Rocky Mountain spotted fever Rickettsia rickettsii Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Roseola infantum Roseolavirus Routine
Rubella Rubella virus Droplet 7 days after rash onset
Salmonellosis Salmonella species Refer to Gastroenteritis
Scabies Sarcoptes scabiei Contact 24 hours of effective therapy
SARS coronavirus SARS-CoV Airborne + Droplet + Contact 10 days after symptoms resolve
Scalded skin syndrome Staphylococcus aureus Contact Duration of illness
Scarlet fever Streptococcus pyogenes Droplet 24 hours of appropriate therapy
Schistosomiasis Schistosoma species Routine
Sepsis Neisseria meningitidis Droplet 24 hours of effective therapy Contacts may need post-exposure prophylaxis
Sepsis (neonatal) Group B streptococcus Routine
Shingles (disseminated or immunocompromised) Varicella-zoster virus Airborne + Contact Duration of illness
Shingles (localized in immunocompetent) Varicella-zoster virus Routine
Smallpox Smallpox virus Airborne + Contact Until all scabs have crusted and separated
Soft tissue infection (major) Staphylococcus aureus Contact Until drainage stops or is controlled
Soft tissue infection (severe) Streptococcus pyogenes Droplet + Contact 24 hours of effective therapy and drainage contained
Soft tissue infection (mild) Streptococcus pyogenes Routine If drainage controlled
Sporotrichosis Sporothrix schenckii Routine
Strongyloidiasis Routine
Syphilis Routine
Tapeworm Hymenolepis nana Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Tapeworm Taenia solium Routine
Tapeworm not otherwise specified Routine
Tetanus Botulinum tetani Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Tinea fungus Routine Rarely transmitted person-to-person
Toxic shock syndrome Staphylococcus aureus Routine
Toxic shock syndrome Streptococcus pyogenes Droplet 24 hours of effective therapy
Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma gondii Routine Generally not transmitted person-to-person
Trachoma Chlamydia trachomatis Routine
Trench mouth various Routine
Trichinosis Trichinella spiralis Routine
Trichomoniasis Trichomonas vaginalis Routine
Tuberculosis (draining lesion) Mycobacterium tuberculosis Airborne + Contact Until clinically improving and 3 negative cultures Rule out pulmonary disease
Tuberculosis (meningitis) Mycobacterium tuberculosis Routine Rule out pulmonary disease and draining lesions
Tuberculosis (pulmonary or laryngeal) Mycobacterium tuberculosis Airborne
Tuberculosis (latent) Mycobacterium tuberculosis Routine
Tularemia (draining lesion) Mycobacterium tuberculosis Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Tularemia (pulmonary) Mycobacterium tuberculosis Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Typhoid fever Salmonella enterica Refer to Gastroenteritis
Typhus (epidemic/louse-borne) Rickettsia prowazekii Routine
Typhus (murine/flea-borne) Rickettsia typhi Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
Urinary tract infection including pyelonephritis various Routine
Vaccinia (vaccination site care) Vaccinia virus Routine Vaccinate healthcare workers
Vaccinia (eczema vaccinatum) Vaccinia virus Contact Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
Vaccinia (fetal vaccinia) Vaccinia virus Contact Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
Vaccinia (generalized vaccinia) Vaccinia virus Contact Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
Vaccinia (progressive vaccinia) Vaccinia virus Contact Until lesions are dry and crusted, and scabs separated
Vaccinia (postvaccinia encephalitis) Vaccinia virus Routine
Vaccinia (blepharitis or conjunctivitis) Vaccinia virus Contact Until drainage stops
Vaccinia (iritis or keratitis) Vaccinia virus Routine
Vaccinia (erythema multiforme or SJS) Vaccinia virus Routine Not infectious
Varicella Varicella-zoster virus Airborne + Contact Until lesions dry and crusted
Varicella-zoster (pneumonia in immunocompromised) Varicella-zoster virus Airborne + Contact Duration of illness
Vincent angina various Routine
Viral hemorrhagic fever Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
Viral hemorrhagic fever Ebola virus Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
Viral hemorrhagic fever Lassa fever virus Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
Viral hemorrhagic fever Marburg virus Refer to Viral hemorrhagic fever
Viral hemorrhagic fever various Droplet + Contact Duration of illness
Viral hepatitis (continent) Hepatitis A virus Routine Consider vaccination as post-exposure prophylaxis
Viral hepatitis (diapered or incontinent) Hepatitis A virus Contact <3 years: duration of hospitalization; 3-14 years: 2 weeks after onset; >14 years: 1 week after onset
Viral hepatitis Hepatitis B virus Routine
Viral hepatitis Hepatitis C virus Routine
Viral hepatitis Hepatitis D virus Routine
Viral hepatitis (continent) Hepatitis E virus Routine
Viral hepatitis (diapered or incontinent) Hepatitis E virus Contact Duration of illness
Viral hepatitis Hepatitis G virus Routine
Whipworm Trichuris trichiura Routine
Zygomycosis Routine Not transmitted person-to-person
various Haemophilus influenzae Refer to disease-specific recommendations
various Non-tuberculous mycobacteria Routine

Further Reading

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