Intrinsic antibiotic resistance: Difference between revisions
From IDWiki
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
== Background == |
|||
* Inherent or innate antimicrobial resistance that is present in all or almost all wild-type isolates of a given species |
|||
==Enterobacterales== |
==Enterobacterales== |
||
{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
| Line 15: | Line 19: | ||
![[Colistin|CST]] |
![[Colistin|CST]] |
||
![[Aminoglycosides|AGs]] |
![[Aminoglycosides|AGs]] |
||
![[Azithromycin|AZM]] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Citrobacter freundii]] |
|[[Citrobacter freundii]] |
||
| Line 30: | Line 35: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Citrobacter koseri]] |
|[[Citrobacter koseri]] |
||
| Line 45: | Line 51: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Enterobacter cloacae]] |
|[[Enterobacter cloacae]] |
||
| Line 60: | Line 67: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Escherichia coli]] |
|[[Escherichia coli]] |
||
| Line 75: | Line 83: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Hadnia alvei]] |
|[[Hadnia alvei]] |
||
| Line 90: | Line 99: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Klebsiella aerogenes]] |
|[[Klebsiella aerogenes]] |
||
| Line 105: | Line 115: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Klebsiella pneumoniae]] |
|[[Klebsiella pneumoniae]] |
||
| Line 121: | Line 132: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Morganella morganii]] |
|[[Morganella morganii]] |
||
| Line 130: | Line 142: | ||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|R |
||
| |
|± |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|R |
||
| Line 136: | Line 148: | ||
|R |
|R |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Proteus mirabilis]] |
|[[Proteus mirabilis]] |
||
| Line 145: | Line 158: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
|± |
||
|R |
|R |
||
|R |
|R |
||
| Line 151: | Line 164: | ||
|R |
|R |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Proteus vulgaris]] |
|[[Proteus vulgaris]] |
||
| Line 160: | Line 174: | ||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|R |
||
| |
|± |
||
|R |
|R |
||
|R |
|R |
||
| Line 166: | Line 180: | ||
|R |
|R |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Providencia rettgeri]] |
|[[Providencia rettgeri]] |
||
| Line 175: | Line 190: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
|± |
||
|R |
|R |
||
|R |
|R |
||
| Line 181: | Line 196: | ||
|R |
|R |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Providencia stuartii]] |
|[[Providencia stuartii]] |
||
| Line 190: | Line 206: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
|± |
||
|R |
|R |
||
|R |
|R |
||
| Line 196: | Line 212: | ||
|R |
|R |
||
|± |
|± |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Raoultella species]] |
|[[Raoultella species]] |
||
| Line 211: | Line 228: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Salmonella species]] |
|[[Salmonella species]] |
||
[[Shigella species]] |
[[Shigella species]] |
||
| |
|||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
| Line 242: | Line 261: | ||
|R |
|R |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Yersinia enterocolitica]] |
|[[Yersinia enterocolitica]] |
||
| Line 257: | Line 277: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
* The [[Morganellaceae]] may have elevated MICs to [[imipenem]], but should be reported as susceptible if susceptible in vitro |
|||
* [[Providencia stuartii]] is intrinsically resistant to [[gentamicin]] and [[tobramycin]] but not to [[amikacin]] |
|||
* No intrinsic resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, [[cefepime]], [[aztreonam]], [[ticarcillin-clavulanic acid]], [[piperacillin-tazobactam]], and [[carbapenems]] |
|||
* All are intrinsically resistance to [[clindamycin]], [[daptomycin]], [[fusidic acid]], [[vancomycin]], [[lipoglycopeptides]] (vancins and planins), [[linezolid]], [[tedizolid]], [[quinupristin-dalfopristin]], [[rifampin]], [[macrolides]] (with the exception of [[Salmonella]] and [[Shigella]] with [[azithromycin]]) |
|||
==Non-Enterobacterales== |
==Non-Enterobacterales== |
||
| Line 370: | Line 396: | ||
| |
| |
||
|R |
|R |
||
| |
|± |
||
|R |
|R |
||
| |
| |
||
| Line 377: | Line 403: | ||
|} |
|} |
||
* [[Stenotrophomonas maltophilia]] is intrinsically resistant to [[tetracycline]] but not to [[doxycycline]], [[minocycline]], or [[tigecycline]] |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
* Non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria are also intrinsically resistant to [[penicillin]], first- and second-generation cephalosporins, [[cephamycins]], [[clindamycin]], [[daptomycin]], [[daptomycin]], [[fusidic acid]], [[vancomycin]], [[linezolid]], [[macrolides]], [[quinupristin-dalfopristin]], and [[rifampin]] |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
! |
! |
||
| Line 452: | Line 481: | ||
|} |
|} |
||
== |
==Enterococcus== |
||
{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
! |
! |
||
| Line 510: | Line 539: | ||
|} |
|} |
||
* |
*In vitro susceptibility but clinically ineffective: cephalosporins, [[aminoglycosides]], [[clindamycin]], and [[cotrimoxazole]] |
||
== |
==Anaerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli== |
||
{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
! |
! |
||
| Line 531: | Line 560: | ||
|} |
|} |
||
== |
==Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli== |
||
{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
! |
! |
||
| Line 551: | Line 580: | ||
|R |
|R |
||
|} |
|} |
||
== Further Reading == |
|||
* CLSI M100-ED30:2020 Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, 30th Edition |
|||
[[Category:Antibiotics]] |
[[Category:Antibiotics]] |
||
Revision as of 15:36, 10 September 2020
Background
- Inherent or innate antimicrobial resistance that is present in all or almost all wild-type isolates of a given species
Enterobacterales
| Organism | AMP | AMC | SAM | TIC | CFZ | FOX | CXM | IMI | TET | TGC | NIT | CST | AGs | AZM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Citrobacter freundii | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | |||||||
| Citrobacter koseri | R | R | R | |||||||||||
| Enterobacter cloacae | R | R | R | R | R | R | ||||||||
| Escherichia coli | R | |||||||||||||
| Hadnia alvei | R | R | R | R | R | R | ||||||||
| Klebsiella aerogenes | R | R | R | R | R | R | ||||||||
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | R | R | R | |||||||||||
| Morganella morganii | R | R | R | R | ± | R | R | R | R | |||||
| Proteus mirabilis | ± | R | R | R | R | R | ||||||||
| Proteus vulgaris | R | R | R | ± | R | R | R | R | R | |||||
| Providencia rettgeri | R | R | R | ± | R | R | R | R | R | |||||
| Providencia stuartii | R | R | R | ± | R | R | R | R | ± | R | ||||
| Raoultella species | R | R | R | |||||||||||
| Salmonella species | ||||||||||||||
| Serratia marcescens | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | |||||
| Yersinia enterocolitica | R | R | R | R | R |
- The Morganellaceae may have elevated MICs to imipenem, but should be reported as susceptible if susceptible in vitro
- Providencia stuartii is intrinsically resistant to gentamicin and tobramycin but not to amikacin
- No intrinsic resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, cefepime, aztreonam, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam, and carbapenems
- All are intrinsically resistance to clindamycin, daptomycin, fusidic acid, vancomycin, lipoglycopeptides (vancins and planins), linezolid, tedizolid, quinupristin-dalfopristin, rifampin, macrolides (with the exception of Salmonella and Shigella with azithromycin)
Non-Enterobacterales
| Organism | AMP | PIP | TIC | SAM | AMC | TZP | CTX | CRO | CAZ | FEP | ATM | IMI | MEM | ETP | CST | AGs | TET/TGC | TMP | SXT | CHL | FOF |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter baumannii | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | ||||||||||||||
| Burkholderia cepacia | R | R | R | R | R | ± | ± | ± | ± | ± | ± | R | R | ± | ± | R | |||||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | |||||||||||
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | ± | R | R |
- Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is intrinsically resistant to tetracycline but not to doxycycline, minocycline, or tigecycline
- Non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria are also intrinsically resistant to penicillin, first- and second-generation cephalosporins, cephamycins, clindamycin, daptomycin, daptomycin, fusidic acid, vancomycin, linezolid, macrolides, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and rifampin
Staphylococci
| NOVO | FOF | FA | AZT | CST | NAL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Staphylococcus aureus | R | R | R | |||
| Staphylococcus lugdenensis | R | R | R | |||
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | R | R | R | |||
| Staphylococcus haemolyticus | R | R | R | |||
| Staphylococcus saprophyticus | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| Staphylococcus capitis | R | R | R | R | ||
| Staphylococcus cohnii | R | R | R | R | ||
| Staphylococcus xylosus | R | R | R | R |
Enterococcus
| Cephalosporins | VAN | TEC | AGs | CLI | Q-D | TMP | SXT | FA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enterococcus faecalis | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | ||
| Enterococcus faecium | R | R | R | R | R | R | |||
| Enterococcus gallinarum | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | |
| Enterococcus casseliflavus | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
- In vitro susceptibility but clinically ineffective: cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, clindamycin, and cotrimoxazole
Anaerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli
| VAN | AGs | |
|---|---|---|
| Clostridium species | R | |
| Clostridioides difficile | R | |
| Clostridium innocuum | R | R |
Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli
| AGs | PEN | AMP | FQs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacteroides species | R | R | R | |
| Fusobacterium canifelinum | R | R |
Further Reading
- CLSI M100-ED30:2020 Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, 30th Edition
