Non-resolving pneumonia: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 11:55, 1 February 2022

Organism	Clinical Clues
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (tuberculosis)	older age, residence in endemic country, HIV
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria	COPD, HIV
Nocardia (nocardiosis)	immunocompromised host
Actinomyces (actinomycosis)	aspiration, chest wall involvement
Aspergillus (aspergillosis)	immunocompromised host, vascular invasion
Histoplasma capsulatum (histoplasmosis)	exposure to Mississippi River Valley
Coccidioides immitis (Coccidiomycosis)	exposure to southwestern US
Blastomyces dermatitidis (blastomycosis)	exposure to southeast and midwest US
Coxiella burnetii (Q fever)	exposure to sheep, cattle, or cats
Francisella tularensis (tularemia)	exposure to rabbits or ticks
Chlamydia psittaci (psittacosis)	exposure to birds
Yersinia pestis (plague)	exposure to rats
Leptospira (leptospirosis)	exposure to rats or urine-contaminated water
Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis)	rodent exposure in Southeast Asia, similar presentation to TB
Paragonimus westermani (paragonimiasis)	travel to Asia, Africa, or Central and South America
Hantavirus	mouse exposure in southwestern US
Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)	contact with infected animal carcasses or hides, and more common in Asia, Iran, Turkey, Greece, and South Africa

Disease	Clinical Clues
Neoplastic Disorders
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Lymphoma
Immunologic Disorders
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage
Cryptogenic organising pneumonia
Acute eosinophilic pneumonia
Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
Acute interstitial pneumonia
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Sarcoidosis
Rheumatic Diseases
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Rheumatoid arthritis
Polymyositis
Dermatomyositis
Vascular Abnormalities
Heart failure
Pulmonary embolism
Miscellaneous
Drug toxicity

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 === Common Causes ===
+==== Infectious Causes ====
-* [[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]
+* Undertreated bacterial pneumonia
-* [[Legionella]] ([[legionellosis]])
-* [[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]], though rarely causes severe disease
+**[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]
+** [[Legionella]] ([[legionellosis]])
-* [[Chlamydia pneumoniae]]
+** [[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]], though rarely causes severe disease
-* [[Haemophilus influenzae]]
+** [[Chlamydia pneumoniae]]
-* Resistant forms of usual infectious causes
+** [[Haemophilus influenzae]]
+** Resistant forms of usual infectious causes
+*Unusual bacteria: [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]], [[non-tuberculous mycobacteria]], [[Nocardia]], [[Actinomyces]]
+*Fungi: [[Blastomyces]], [[Histoplasma]], [[Coccidioides]]
+*[[Lung abscess]]
+==== Non-Infectious Causes ====
+* Acute or chronic [[eosinophilic pneumonia]]
+* [[Sarcoidosis]]
+* [[Hypersensitivity pneumonitis]]
+* [[Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]]
+* [[Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis]]
+* [[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis]]
+* [[Eosinophilic grenulomatosis with polyangiitis]]
+* [[Drug-induced pneumonitis]]
+* [[Pulmonary hemorrhage]]
+* [[Endogenous lipoid pneumonia|Endogenous]] or [[exogenous lipoid pneumonia]]
+* Malignancy
+** [[Lymphoma]]
+** [[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
 === Unusual or Resistant Infections ===