Chromobacterium violaceum: Difference between revisions
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Chromobacterium violaceum
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+ | ==Background== |
| + | ===Microbiology=== |
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+ | *Gram-negative bacterium |
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+ | *Colonies are deep purple to black due to the presence of the violacein pigment |
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+ | *Found in water |
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+ | ===Epidemiology=== |
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+ | *Mostly tropical or subtropical areas, especially southeast Asia |
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+ | *Also in southeast US, most commonly Florida |
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+ | *[[CGD]] is a risk factor for opportunistic infection, as is [[G6PD deficiency]] |
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+ | ==Clinical Manifestations== |
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+ | *Causes wound infections following contaminated water exposure |
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+ | *Always with systemic features, including [[Causes::fever]] (100%) and [[Causes::sepsis]] (82%) |
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+ | *Often [[Causes::bacteremia]] (60%) and can involve visceral organs (51%), especially lung and liver |
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+ | *High mortality (53%) |
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+ | ==Differential Diagnosis== |
| + | *Includes other causes of skin and soft tissue infection after water exposure |
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| − | * Common bugs: ''Staph'', ''Strep'', polymicrobial, ''Klebsiella'', ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', ''E. coli'' |
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| + | *Common bugs: [[Staphylococcus aureus]], [[Streptococcus pyogenes]], other [[streptococci]], [[Klebsiella]], [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]], [[Escherichia coli]], and polymicrobial infections |
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+ | *Uniquely marine bacteria: [[Aeromonas]], [[Vibrio vulnificus]], [[Shewanella]], [[Edwardsiella]], [[Chromobacterium]] |
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+ | *Others: [[Burkholderia pseudomallei]], [[non-tuberculous mycobacteria]], and some [[fungi]] |
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+ | ==Management== |
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+ | *[[Fluoroquinolones]], [[chloramphenicol]], [[tetracyline]], [[TMP-SMX]], [[imipenem]], [[gentamicin]] |
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+ | ==Further Reading== |
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+ | *[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcma.2011.08.013 ''Chromobacterium violaceum'' infection: a clinical review of an important but neglected infection]. ''J Chin Med Assoc''. 2011;74(10):435-41. |
[[Category:Gram-negative bacilli]] |
[[Category:Gram-negative bacilli]] |
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Latest revision as of 22:48, 7 February 2022
Background
Microbiology
- Gram-negative bacterium
- Colonies are deep purple to black due to the presence of the violacein pigment
- Found in water
Epidemiology
- Mostly tropical or subtropical areas, especially southeast Asia
- Also in southeast US, most commonly Florida
- CGD is a risk factor for opportunistic infection, as is G6PD deficiency
Clinical Manifestations
- Causes wound infections following contaminated water exposure
- Always with systemic features, including fever (100%) and sepsis (82%)
- Often bacteremia (60%) and can involve visceral organs (51%), especially lung and liver
- High mortality (53%)
Differential Diagnosis
- Includes other causes of skin and soft tissue infection after water exposure
- Common bugs: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, other streptococci, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and polymicrobial infections
- Uniquely marine bacteria: Aeromonas, Vibrio vulnificus, Shewanella, Edwardsiella, Chromobacterium
- Others: Burkholderia pseudomallei, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and some fungi
Management
Further Reading
- Chromobacterium violaceum infection: a clinical review of an important but neglected infection. J Chin Med Assoc. 2011;74(10):435-41.
