Neutropenia: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "== Etiologies == === Congenital === * Constitutional neutropenia: mild (ANC>1000), chronic * Benign ethnic neutropenia: mild (ANC>1000), chronic, usually in patients with Mediterranean or African ancestry * Benign familial neutropenia: same as above, but hereditary and not associated with a specific ethnicity * Cyclic neutropenia: hereditary, with severe neutropenia on a 21-day cycle since childhood * Others: severe congenital neutropenia, Schwachman-Diamond sy...") |
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** Global caloric malnutrition, including [[anorexia nervosa]] |
** Global caloric malnutrition, including [[anorexia nervosa]] |
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* Chronic idiopathic neutropenia |
* Chronic idiopathic neutropenia |
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== Further Reading == |
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* How we evaluate and treat neutropenia in adults. ''Blood'' 2014; 124 (8): 1251–1258. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2014-02-482612 |
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Revision as of 17:52, 16 August 2023
Etiologies
Congenital
- Constitutional neutropenia: mild (ANC>1000), chronic
- Benign ethnic neutropenia: mild (ANC>1000), chronic, usually in patients with Mediterranean or African ancestry
- Benign familial neutropenia: same as above, but hereditary and not associated with a specific ethnicity
- Cyclic neutropenia: hereditary, with severe neutropenia on a 21-day cycle since childhood
- Others: severe congenital neutropenia, Schwachman-Diamond syndrome, Fanconi anemia, dyskeratosis congenita, Chediak-Higash syndrome, myelokathesis, Griscelli syndrome II, and cartilage-hair hypoplasia
Acquired
- Infectious
- Active infection, particularly viral, but including severe sepsis from any cause; more common in the elderly
- Post-infectious neutropenia, most commonly in children after viral infections (particularly varicella, measles, rubella, influenza, hepatitis, EBV, or HIV)
- EBV and HIV can sometimes cause prolonged neutropenia; the rest are self-limited
- Bacterial infections, including Brucella, Rickettsiae, and mycobacteria
- Drug-induced neutropenia, including agranulocytosis or more mild neutropenia
- Autoimmune
- Primary: typically in patients less than 1 year old, can be severe, but usually resolves within 2 years
- Needs prophylactic antibiotics and GCSF
- Secondary: usually mild, in the context of a systemic autoimmune disease (with lupus being common and tends to reflect disease activity)
- Felty syndrome (triad of rheumatoid arthritis, splenomegaly, and neutropenia)
- Primary: typically in patients less than 1 year old, can be severe, but usually resolves within 2 years
- Malignancy
- Acute leukemia
- Myelodysplastic syndrome
- LGL leukemia: associated with rheumatoid arthritis and can present as a Felty syndrome
- Myeloma
- Lymphoma
- Myelophthisic process
- Dietary
- Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Folate deficiency
- Copper deficiency
- Global caloric malnutrition, including anorexia nervosa
- Chronic idiopathic neutropenia
Further Reading
- How we evaluate and treat neutropenia in adults. Blood 2014; 124 (8): 1251–1258. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2014-02-482612
