Helminths: Difference between revisions

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{| class="wikitable"
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* '''Platyhelminths''' (flatworms)
  
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!Group
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** '''Trematodes''' (flukes): non-segmented
  
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!Species
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*** Lung: [[Paragonimus species]]
  
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!Common Name
−
*** Liver
  
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!Exposure
−
**** ''[[Fasciola hepatica]]'' (common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke)
  
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!Treatment
−
**** ''[[Opisthorchis viverrini]]'' (Southeast Asian liver fluke)
  
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|-
−
**** ''[[Clonorchis sinensis]]'' (Chinese liver fluke)
  
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! colspan="5" |Platyhelminths: trematodes (flukes)
−
**** ''[[Metorchis conjunctus]]'' (Canadian liver fluke)
  
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|-
−
**** ''[[Dicrocoelium dendriticum]]'' (lancet liver fluke)
  
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|lung flukes
−
*** Intestinal
  
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|[[Paragonimus species]]
−
**** ''[[Echinostoma revolutum]]''
  
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|lung fluke
−
**** ''[[Fasciolopsis buskii]]''
  
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|
−
**** [[Metagonimus species]]
  
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|
−
**** ''[[Heterophyes heterophyes]]''
  
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|-
−
*** Blood: [[Schistosoma species]]
  
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| rowspan="5" |liver flukes
−
**** ''[[Schistosoma haematobium]]''
  
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|[[Fasciola hepatica]]
−
**** ''[[Schistosoma mansoni]]''
  
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|common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke
−
** '''Cestodes''' (tapeworms): segmented
  
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|
−
*** Pseudophyllideans
  
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|
−
**** ''[[Diphyllobothrium latum]]''
  
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|-
−
**** [[Spirometra species]]
  
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|[[Opisthorchis viverrini]]
−
**** [[Sparganum species]]
  
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|Southeast Asian liver fluke
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*** Cyclophyllideans
  
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|
−
**** Intestinal
  
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|
−
***** ''[[Taenia solium]]'' (pork tapeworm)
  
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|-
−
***** ''[[Taenia saginata]]'' (beef tapeworm)
  
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|[[Clonorchis sinensis]]
−
***** ''[[Hymenolepis nana]]'' (dwarf tapeworm)
  
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|Chinese liver fluke
−
***** ''[[Hymenolepis diminuta]]''
  
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|
−
***** ''[[Dipylidium caninum]]''
  
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|
−
**** Tissue
  
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|-
−
***** ''[[Echinococcus granulosus]]'' (hydatid worm)
  
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|[[Metorchis conjunctus]]
−
***** ''[[Echinococcus multilocularis]]'' (alveolar hydatid disease)
  
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|Canadian liver fluke
−
***** Larvareal ''[[Taenia solium]]'' (cysticercosis)
  
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|
−
***** ''[[Taenia multiceps]]'' and ''[[Taenia serialis]]'' (multiceps serialis))
  
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|
−
* '''Nematodes''' (roundworms)
  
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|-
−
** '''Filarial''' roundworms
  
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|[[Dicrocoelium dendriticum]]
−
*** ''[[Onchocerca volvulus]]'' (river blindness)
  
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|lancet liver fluke
−
*** ''[[Loa loa]]'' (eye worm)
  
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|
−
*** ''[[Wuchereria bancrofti]]'' (lymphatic filariasis)
  
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|
−
**** ''[[Brugia malayi]]'' and ''[[Brugia timori]]'' (lymphatic filariasis)
  
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|-
−
*** ''[[Mansonella perstans]]'', ''[[Mansonella streptocerca]]'', and ''[[Mansonella ozzardi]]''
  
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| rowspan="4" |intestinal flukes
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** '''Non-filarial''' roundworms
  
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|[[Echinostoma revolutum]]
−
*** Intestinal
  
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|
−
**** ''[[Ascaris lumbricoides]]'' (great roundworm)
  
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|
−
**** ''[[Necator americanus]]'' (New World hookworm)
  
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|
−
**** ''[[Ancylostoma duodenale]]'' (Old World hookworm)
  
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|-
−
**** ''[[Strongyloides stercoralis]]'' (threadworm)
  
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|[[Fasciolopsis buskii]]
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**** ''[[Trichuris trichuria]]'' (whipworm)
  
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|
−
**** ''[[Enterobius vermicularis]]'' (pinworm)
  
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|
−
**** [[Capillaria species]]
  
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|
−
**** [[Trichostrongylus species]]
  
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|-
−
**** [[Anisakis species]]
  
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|[[Metagonimus species]]
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*** Tissue
  
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|
−
**** ''[[Trichinella spiralis]]'' (pork worm)
  
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|
−
**** ''[[Ancylostoma braziliense]]'', ''[[Ancylostoma caninum]]'', and other spp. ([[cutaneous larva migrans]], creeping eruption)
  
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|
−
**** ''[[Dracunculus medinensis]]'' (Guinea worm)
  
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|-
−
**** ''[[Toxocara canis]]'' and ''[[Toxocara cati]]'' ([[visceral larva migrans]])
  
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|[[Heterophyes heterophyes]]
−
**** ''[[Angiostrongylus cantonensis]]'' (rat lungworm)
  
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|
−
**** [[Gnathostoma species]]
  
  +
|eating undercooked fresh/brackish water fish in Egypt and Middle and Far East
−
**** ''[[Baylisascaris procyonis]]'' (raccoon roundworm)
  
  +
|
−
**** ''[[Dioctophyme renale]]'' (giant kidney worm)
  
  +
|-
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| rowspan="2" |blood flukes
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|[[Schistosoma haematobium]]
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|blood fluke
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Schistosoma mansoni]]
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|blood fluke
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|
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|
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|-
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! colspan="5" |Platyhelminths: cestodes (tapeworms)
  +
|-
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| rowspan="3" |pseudophyllideans
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|[[Diphyllobothrium latum]]
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|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Spirometra species]]
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Sparganum species]]
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|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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| rowspan="5" |intestinal cyclophyllideans
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|[[Taenia solium]]
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|pork tapeworm
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|eating undercooked pork
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|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Taenia saginata]]
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|beef tapeworm
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|eating undercooked beef
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|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Hymenolepis nana]]
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|dwarf tapeworm
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|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Hymenolepis diminuta]]
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|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Dipylidium caninum]]
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|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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| rowspan="5" |tissue cyclophyllideans
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|[[Echinococcus granulosus]]
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|hydatid worm
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|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Echinococcus multilocularis]]
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|alveolar hydatid disease
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Taenia solium]]
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|cysticercosis
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|eating soil contaminated with pig or human feces
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|
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|-
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|[[Taenia multiceps]]
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|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Taenia serialis]]
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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! colspan="5" |Nematodes (roundworms)
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|-
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| rowspan="8" |filarial roundworms
  +
|[[Onchocerca volvulus]]
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|river blindness
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|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Loa loa]]
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|eye worm
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|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Wuchereria bancrofti]]
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|lymphatic filariasis
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|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Brugia malayi]]
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|lymphatic filariasis
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|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Brugia timori]]
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|lymphatic filariasis
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|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Mansonella perstans]]
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|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Mansonella streptocerca]]
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|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Mansonella ozzardi]]
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|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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| rowspan="9" |intestinal roundworms
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|[[Ascaris lumbricoides]]
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|great roundworm
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Necator americanus]]
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|New World hookworm
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Ancylostoma duodenale]]
  +
|Old World hookworm
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Strongyloides stercoralis]]
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|threadworm
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|immunosuppression in a person who has ever spent time on a tropical beach
  +
|ivermectin ± albendazole
  +
|-
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|[[Trichuris trichiura]]
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|whipworm
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|
  +
|
  +
|-
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|[[Enterobius vermicularis]]
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|pinworm
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Capillaria species]]
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Trichostrongylus species]]
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Anisakis species]]
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|anisakidosis
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
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| rowspan="10" |tissue-invasive roundworms
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|[[Trichinella spiralis]]
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|pork worm
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|eating undercooked pig, boar, or bear meat
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Anyclostoma braziliense]]
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|cutaneous larva migrans
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Ancylostoma caninum]]
  +
|cutaneous larva migrans
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Dracunculus medinensis]]
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|Guinea worm
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Toxocara canis]]
  +
|[[visceral larva migrans]]
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Toxocara cati]]
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|[[visceral larva migrans]]
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Angiostrongylus cantonensis]]
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|rat lungworm
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Gnathostoma species]]
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Baylisascaris procyonis]]
  +
|raccoon roundworm
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|[[Dioctophyme renale]]
  +
|giant kidney worm
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|}
   
−
== Investigations ==
 +
==Investigations==
  +
−
* Eosinophilia seen in tissue-invasive worms, not in those that live in the gut or in cystic structures
  
  +
*Eosinophilia seen in tissue-invasive worms, not in those that live in the gut or in cystic structures
   
 
[[Category:Helminths]]
  
[[Category:Helminths]]

Revision as of 09:19, 3 August 2020

Group Species Common Name Exposure Treatment
Platyhelminths: trematodes (flukes)
lung flukes Paragonimus species lung fluke
liver flukes Fasciola hepatica common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke
Opisthorchis viverrini Southeast Asian liver fluke
Clonorchis sinensis Chinese liver fluke
Metorchis conjunctus Canadian liver fluke
Dicrocoelium dendriticum lancet liver fluke
intestinal flukes Echinostoma revolutum
Fasciolopsis buskii
Metagonimus species
Heterophyes heterophyes eating undercooked fresh/brackish water fish in Egypt and Middle and Far East
blood flukes Schistosoma haematobium blood fluke
Schistosoma mansoni blood fluke
Platyhelminths: cestodes (tapeworms)
pseudophyllideans Diphyllobothrium latum
Spirometra species
Sparganum species
intestinal cyclophyllideans Taenia solium pork tapeworm eating undercooked pork
Taenia saginata beef tapeworm eating undercooked beef
Hymenolepis nana dwarf tapeworm
Hymenolepis diminuta
Dipylidium caninum
tissue cyclophyllideans Echinococcus granulosus hydatid worm
Echinococcus multilocularis alveolar hydatid disease
Taenia solium cysticercosis eating soil contaminated with pig or human feces
Taenia multiceps
Taenia serialis
Nematodes (roundworms)
filarial roundworms Onchocerca volvulus river blindness
Loa loa eye worm
Wuchereria bancrofti lymphatic filariasis
Brugia malayi lymphatic filariasis
Brugia timori lymphatic filariasis
Mansonella perstans
Mansonella streptocerca
Mansonella ozzardi
intestinal roundworms Ascaris lumbricoides great roundworm
Necator americanus New World hookworm
Ancylostoma duodenale Old World hookworm
Strongyloides stercoralis threadworm immunosuppression in a person who has ever spent time on a tropical beach ivermectin ± albendazole
Trichuris trichiura whipworm
Enterobius vermicularis pinworm
Capillaria species
Trichostrongylus species
Anisakis species anisakidosis
tissue-invasive roundworms Trichinella spiralis pork worm eating undercooked pig, boar, or bear meat
Anyclostoma braziliense cutaneous larva migrans
Ancylostoma caninum cutaneous larva migrans
Dracunculus medinensis Guinea worm
Toxocara canis visceral larva migrans
Toxocara cati visceral larva migrans
Angiostrongylus cantonensis rat lungworm
Gnathostoma species
Baylisascaris procyonis raccoon roundworm
Dioctophyme renale giant kidney worm

Investigations

  • Eosinophilia seen in tissue-invasive worms, not in those that live in the gut or in cystic structures
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