Dengue virus: Difference between revisions

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==Background==
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* Mosquito-borne Flavivirus endemic in tropics worldwide
  
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* Transmitted by ''[[Aedes aegypti]]'' and ''[[Aedes albopictus]]''
  
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* Incubation period of 4 to 7 days
  
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* Classic presentation includes fever, headache (especially retroorbital), diffuse arthralgias ("breakbone fever"), and rash
  
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* Often has thrombocytopenia
  
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* Differential also include whichever [[rickettsioses]] are endemic to the area visited
  
   
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===Microbiology===
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[[Category:Flaviviruses]]
  
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*Single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus
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*Member of the [[Flaviviridae]]
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===Epidemiology===
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*Endemic in tropics worldwide, with almost half of the world's population at risk of infection
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*Transmitted by ''[[Vector::Aedes aegypti]]'' and ''[[Vector::Aedes albopictus]]''
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==Clinical Manifestations==
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  ⚫
*Incubation period of [[Usual incubation period::4 to 7 days]]
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*Classic presentation includes [[Causes::fever]], [[Causes::headache]] (especially retroorbital), diffuse [[Causes::arthralgias]] ("breakbone fever"), and [[Causes::rash]]
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*Often has [[Causes::thrombocytopenia]]
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*With repeated infections, can progress to [[Causes::hemorrhagic fever]] and [[Causes::shock]]
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==Differential Diagnosis==
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*[[Zika virus]]
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*[[Chikungunya virus]]
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*[[Rickettsiae]]
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{| class="wikitable"
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!Feature
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!Dengue
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![[Zika]]
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![[Chikungunya]]
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|-
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|Asymptomatic
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|40-80%
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|35-85%
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|3-28%
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|-
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|Fever
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| +++
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| ++
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| +++
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|-
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|Rash
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| +
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| +++
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| ++
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|-
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|Conjunctivitis
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|–
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| ++
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| +
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|-
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|Arthralgia
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| +
  +
| ++
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| +++
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|-
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|Myalgia
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| ++
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| +
  +
| +
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|-
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|Headache
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| ++
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| +
  +
| ++
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|-
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|Hemorrhage
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| ++
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|–
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|–
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|-
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|Shock
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| +
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|–
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|–
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|-
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|Thrombocytopenia
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| +++
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| +
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|–
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|-
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|Leukopenia
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| ++
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|–
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| ++
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|}
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==Management==
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*Supportive
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  ⚫
[[Category:Flaviviridae]]
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[[Category:Vector-borne infections]]
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[[Category:Infectious diseases]]

Latest revision as of 14:11, 22 August 2020

Background

Microbiology

  • Single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus
  • Member of the Flaviviridae

Epidemiology

Clinical Manifestations

Differential Diagnosis

Feature Dengue Zika Chikungunya
Asymptomatic 40-80% 35-85% 3-28%
Fever +++ ++ +++
Rash + +++ ++
Conjunctivitis – ++ +
Arthralgia + ++ +++
Myalgia ++ + +
Headache ++ + ++
Hemorrhage ++ – –
Shock + – –
Thrombocytopenia +++ + –
Leukopenia ++ – ++

Management

  • Supportive
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