Nodular lymphangitis
From IDWiki
- Characterized by purulent nodules appearing along the course of regional lymphatics
Differential Diagnosis
Common
| Organism | Distribution | Exposures | Incubation | Initial presentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sporothrix schenckii | South and Central America and southern North America | gardening (especially roses), other soil contact, animal scratches or bites | 1 week to 3 months | painless ulcerated nodule |
| Mycobacterium marinum | worldwide | fish and aquariums, including salt- and freshwater exposures | 1 to 6 weeks | mildly tender, ulcerated nodule |
| Nocardia brasiliensis | worldwide | soil, cat scratch | 3 days to 6 weeks | tender, ulcerated, draining nodules |
| Leishmania brasiliensis | South and Central America | sand flies | 2 to 24 weeks | painless, punched-out shallow ulcer |
| Francisella tularensis | North America | wild animal exposures (especially hunting) or ticks | 1 to 6 days | painful ulcerated draining papule |
| Bacillus anthracis | worldwide | animal, animal product, or contaminated soil exposures | painless ulcer with vesicles and edema | |
| Staphylococcus aureus | worldwide | 4 to 10 days | abscesses, with or without drainage | |
| Coccidioides immitis | Southwest US and northern Mexico | soil exposure or laboratory exposure | 1 to 4 weeks | verrucous plaques and ulcerated nodules |
| Blastomyces dermatitidis | worldwide, particularly North America | soil, animal bites or scratches, laboratory exposure | 1 to 5 weeks | verrucous plaques and ulcerated nodules |
| Histoplasma capsulatum | worldwide | soil, birds, laboratory exposure | 5 to 18 days | myriad |
| Scedosporium species | worldwide | soil, water, or sewage | nodules | |
| Herpes simplex virus | worldwide | 2 to 12 days | vesicles | |
| Vaccinia virus | cattle and cats |
Exhaustive List
- Fungi
- Bacteria
- Norcardia species, including N. brasiliensis, N. asteroides, N. otidiscaviarum, and N. transcalensis: soil or water exposure
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (tuberculosis cutis verrucosa)
- Non-tuberculous mycobacteria
- Mycobacterium marinum: saltwater or marine exposure
- Mycobacterium chelonei
- Mycobacterium fortuitum
- Rarely Mycobacterium kansasii
- Francisella tularensis (ulceroglandular tularemia): excrutiatingly painful; hunting; deer flies and ticks
- Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis)
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- Bacillus anthracis (cutaneous anthrax)
- Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
- Viruses
- Parasites
- Non-infectious causes
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Basal cell carcinoma
- Mycosis fungoides
- Psoriasis
- Lupus vulgaris
- Pyoderma gangrenosum
Further Reading
- Nodular Lymphangitis (Sporotrichoid Lymphocutaneous Infections). Clues to Differential Diagnosis. J Fungi. 2018;4(56). doi: 10.3390/jof4020056