- Ectoparasites are arthropods that cause infestations
- Divided broadly into insects (6-legged, with body separated into sections of head, thorax, and abdomen) and arachnids (usually 8-legged)
Insects
- Siphonapterans (fleas)
- Pulex irritans (human flea)
- Xenopsylla brasiliensis (rat flea) (bubonic plague)
- Xenopsylla cheopis (Oriental rat flea) (bubonic plague and murine typhus)
- Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea)
- Ctenocephalides canis (cat and dog flea)
- Tunga penetrants (tungiasis)
- Anoplurans (sucking lice)
- Pediculus humanus subspp. humanus and capitis (the body louse and head louse, respectively)
- Phthirus pubis (crab louse)
- Hemipterans (true bugs)
- Triatominae subfamily (kissing bug) (Chagas disease)
- Cimex lectularis (bed bugs)
- Lepidopterans (butterflies and moths)
- Dipterans
- Flies
- Glossina species (tsetse fly) (human African trypanosomiasis)
- Lutzomyia species (sand fly) (leishmaniasis)
- Phlebotomus species (sand fly) (leishmaniasis)
- Simulium species (black fly) (onchocerciasis)
- Chrysops species (deer fly) (tularemia, anthrax, anaplasmosis, and filiariasis)
- Dermatobia hominis (human botfly) (myiasis)
- Cordylobia anthropophaga (tumbu fly) (myiasis)
- Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm fly) (myiasis)
- Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screwworm fly) (myiasis)
- Mosquitoes
- Midges
- Flies
Arachnids
- Acari (ticks and mites)
- Ticks
- Mites
- Trombicula (chiggers)
- Sarcoptes scabei (scabies)
- Araneae (spiders)
- Scorpiones (scorpions)
