Arthropods

Ectoparasites are arthropods that cause infestations
Divided broadly into insects (6-legged, with body separated into sections of head, thorax, and abdomen) and arachnids (usually 8-legged)

Insects

Siphonapterans (fleas)
- Pulex irritans (human flea)
- Xenopsylla brasiliensis (rat flea) (bubonic plague)
- Xenopsylla cheopis (Oriental rat flea) (bubonic plague and murine typhus)
- Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea)
- Ctenocephalides canis (cat and dog flea)
- Tunga penetrants (tungiasis)
Anoplurans (sucking lice)
- Pediculus humanus subspp. humanus and capitis (the body louse and head louse, respectively)
- Phthirus pubis (crab louse)
Hemipterans (true bugs)
- Triatominae subfamily (kissing bug) (Chagas disease)
- Cimex lectularis (bed bugs)
Lepidopterans (butterflies and moths)
Dipterans
- Flies
  - Glossina (tsetse fly) (human African trypanosomiasis)
  - Lutzomyia (sand fly) (leishmaniasis)
  - Phlebotomus (sand fly) (leishmaniasis)
  - Simulium (black fly) (onchocerciasis)
  - Chrysops (deer fly) (tularemia, anthrax, anaplasmosis, and filiariasis)
  - Dermatobia hominis (human botfly) (myiasis)
  - Cordylobia anthropophaga (tumbu fly) (myiasis)
  - Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm fly) (myiasis)
  - Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screwworm fly) (myiasis)
- Mosquitoes
  - Anopheles (malaria)
  - Aedes (dengue, yellow fever, etc)
  - Culex
- Midges
  - Culicoides

Acari (ticks and mites)
- Ticks
- Mites
  - Trombicula (chiggers)
  - Sarcoptes scabei (scabies)
Araneae (spiders)
- Loxosceles
- Latrodectus
Scorpiones (scorpions)