Background
Differential Diagnosis
- Acquired
- Trauma (crush syndrome)
- Exertion
- Ischemia
- Illicit drug use, including cocaine, heroin, and LSD
- Alcohol use, either acute or chronic
- Infections, including bacteria (such as Legionella), viruses (including influenza, but also others), and parasites
- Hyperthermia, hypothermia
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, diabetes
- Spider bite, wasp sting, snake venom
- Inherited
- Glycogen storage disease, fatty acid disorders, mitochondrial disorders
- Dystrophinopathy, dysferlinopathy
- RYR1 gene mutation, SCN4A gene mutation
- Lipi-1 gene mutation
- Sickle cell disease
- Benign exertional rhabdomyolysis
