Helminths

• Flatworms (platyhelminths)
  • Flukes (trematodes)
    • Schistosoma spp. (blood flukes)
    • Clonorchis (liver fluke)
    • Paragonimus (lung fluke)
    • Fasciola hepatica (intestinal fluke)
  • Tapeworms (cestodes)
    • Intestinal tapeworms
      • Taenia solium (pork tapeworm)
      • Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm)
      • Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm)
      • Diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworm)
    • Larval tapeworms
      • Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid worm)
      • Echinococcus multilocularis (alveolar hydatid disease)
      • Cysticercus (larvareal Taenia solium)
• Roundworms (nematodes)
  • Filarial roundworms
    • Onchocerca volvulus (river blindness)
    • Loa loa (eye worm)
    • Wucheria bancrofti (lymphatic filariasis)
    • Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea worm)
    • Mansonella perstans
  • Non-filarial roundworms
    • Intestinal roundworms
      • Ascaris lumbricoides (great roundworm)
      • Necator americanus (New World hookworm)
      • Ancylostoma duodenale (Old World hookworm)
      • Strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm)
      • Trichuris trichuria (whipworm)
      • Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
    • Tissue roundworms
      • Trichinella spiralis (pork worm)
      • Ancylostoma braziliense and other spp. (cutaneous larva migrans, creeping eruption)
      • Toxocara canis and Toxocara cani (visceral larva migrans)
      • Baylisascaris procyonis

Investigations

• Eosinophilia seen in tissue-invasive worms, not in those that live in the gut or in cystic structures