Septic arthritis: Difference between revisions
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[[Category:Bone and joint infections]] |
[[Category:Bone and joint infections]] |
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+ | == Background == |
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+ | === Microbiology === |
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+ | * Gonococcal: [[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]], more common in young, sexually active adults |
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+ | * Non-gonococcal bacterial: |
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+ | ** [[Staphylococcus aureus]], in immunocompetent and immunocompromised people as well as those at risk for [[Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia]] |
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+ | ** [[Group B streptococci]], more common in poorly-controlled [[diabetes]] |
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+ | ** [[Streptococcus pneumoniae]], more common in patients with [[hyposplenia]] |
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+ | ** [[Enterobacteriaceae]], especially if GI illness, or immunocompromised patients and those who inject drugs |
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+ | ** [[Pseudomonas species]], more common in [[diabetes]], immunocompromised, trauma, or water exposures |
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+ | ** [[Aeromonas species]], more common after exposure to brackish water |
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+ | ** [[Salmonella species]], especially in patients with [[sickle cell disease]] or [[HIV]] |
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+ | ** [[Eikenella corrodens]] and [[Peptostreptococcus species]], especially if recent bite or other oral flora contamination |
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+ | ** [[Pasteurella multocida]], after cat bite |
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+ | ** [[Capnocytophaga species]], after dog bite |
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+ | ** [[Mycoplasma hominis]], with postpartum septic arthritis, recent genitourinary tract manipulation, and immunocompromise |
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+ | * Other: |
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+ | ** [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] and [[non-tuberculous mycobacteria]] (especially [[Mycobacterium chelonae]] and [[Mycobacterium fortuitum]] |
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+ | ** Fungal infections including [[Candida species]], [[Blastomyces dermatitidis]], [[Cryptococcus species]], [[Coccidioides immitis]], and [[Sporothrix schenckii]] |
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+ | ** Viral infections including [[HIV]], [[hepatitis B virus]], [[hepatitis C virus]], [[parvovirus B19]], and alphaviruses including [[chikungunya virus]] |
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+ | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
Revision as of 16:55, 6 July 2020
Background
Microbiology
- Gonococcal: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, more common in young, sexually active adults
- Non-gonococcal bacterial:
- Staphylococcus aureus, in immunocompetent and immunocompromised people as well as those at risk for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
- Group B streptococci, more common in poorly-controlled diabetes
- Streptococcus pneumoniae, more common in patients with hyposplenia
- Enterobacteriaceae, especially if GI illness, or immunocompromised patients and those who inject drugs
- Pseudomonas species, more common in diabetes, immunocompromised, trauma, or water exposures
- Aeromonas species, more common after exposure to brackish water
- Salmonella species, especially in patients with sickle cell disease or HIV
- Eikenella corrodens and Peptostreptococcus species, especially if recent bite or other oral flora contamination
- Pasteurella multocida, after cat bite
- Capnocytophaga species, after dog bite
- Mycoplasma hominis, with postpartum septic arthritis, recent genitourinary tract manipulation, and immunocompromise
- Other:
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (especially Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium fortuitum
- Fungal infections including Candida species, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Cryptococcus species, Coccidioides immitis, and Sporothrix schenckii
- Viral infections including HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, parvovirus B19, and alphaviruses including chikungunya virus