Parasites: Difference between revisions
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* Eukaryotic single- or multi-cellular organisms |
* Eukaryotic single- or multi-cellular organisms |
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== Single-celled (protozoa) == |
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* '''Amoebae''': pseudopodia |
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** Obligate parasites |
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*** Non-pathogenic |
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**** ''[[Entamoeba coli]]'', ''[[Entamoeba dispar]]'', ''[[Entamoeba hartmanii]]'', and ''[[Entamoeba polecki]]'' |
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**** ''[[Endolimax nana]]'' |
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**** ''[[Iodamoeba buetschlii]]'' |
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*** Pathogenic |
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**** ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]'' |
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**** ''[[Blastocystis hominis]]'' (maybe) |
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** Facultative free-living parasites |
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*** ''[[Naegleria fowleri]]'': causes [[primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]] |
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*** ''[[Balamuthia mandrillaris]]'': causes [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]] |
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*** [[Acanthamoeba species]]: cause [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]] and [[amoebic keratitis]] |
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* '''Flagellates''': regular flagella or kinetoplastic flagella |
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** Non-kinetoplastic flagellates |
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*** Pathogenic |
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**** Intestinal: ''[[Giardia lamblia]]'' and ''[[Dientamoeba fragilis]]'' |
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**** Genitourinary: ''[[Trichomonas vaginalis]]'' |
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*** Non-pathogenic |
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**** Intestinal: ''[[Chilomastix mesnili]]'', ''[[Pentatrichomonas hominis]]'' |
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**** Oral: ''[[Trichomonas tenax]]'' |
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** Kinetoplastid flagellates: flagellated protozoa with DNA inside large mitochondria at one end |
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*** [[Trypanosoma species]] |
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**** ''[[Trypanosoma cruzi]]'': causes [[American trypanosomiasis]] |
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**** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'': causes [[human African trypanosomiasis]] |
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***** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'' subsp. ''gambiense'': causes [[West African trypanosomiasis]] |
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***** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'' subsp. ''rhodesiense'': causes [[East African trypanosomiasis]] |
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***** Other subspecies have case reports of causing human disease |
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*** [[Leishmania species]] |
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**** Old World, visceralizing: ''L. infantum'', ''L. donovani'' (in India) |
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**** Old World, tegumentary: ''L. infantum'', ''L. donovani'' (Sri Lanka), ''L. major'', ''L. tropica'' |
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**** New World, visceralizing: ''L. chagasi'' (genetically identical to ''L. infantum'') |
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**** New World, tegumentary: |
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***** Viannia group (should be treated systemically): ''L. braziliensis'', ''L. panamensis'', ''L. guyanensis'' |
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***** Leishmania group (may need only local treatment): ''L. mexicana'' |
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* '''Apicomplexa''': gliding, sexual reproduction |
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** Hemosporidia |
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*** [[Plasmodium species]] |
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*** [[Babesia species]] |
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** Coccidia (not a microbiologically-sound category) |
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*** Blood and tissue |
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**** ''[[Toxoplasma gondii]]'' |
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**** [[Sarcocystis species]] |
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*** Gut |
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**** [[Cryptosporidium species]] |
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**** ''[[Cyclospora cayetanensis]]'' |
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**** [[Cystoisopora species]] |
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**** [[Sarcocystis species]] |
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* '''Ciliates''': cilia |
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** ''[[Balantidium coli]]'' |
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== Multicellular (helminths) == |
== Multicellular (helminths) == |
Revision as of 22:07, 18 December 2019
- Eukaryotic single- or multi-cellular organisms
Multicellular (helminths)
- Nematodes (roundworms)
- Filarial/filariasis
- Lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis)
- Subsutaneous/tissue
- Serous
- Non-filarial
- Soil-transmitted
- Ascaris lumbricoides (great roundworm)
- Trichuris trichiura (whipworm)
- Hookworm
- Ancylostoma duodenale (Old World hookworm)
- Necator americanus (New World hookworm)
- Strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm)
- Non-soil-transmitted
- Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
- Trichinella spiralis
- Balisascaris procyonis
- Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea worm)
- Angiostrongylus cantonensis
- Anisakis (herring worm)
- Gnathostoma
- Soil-transmitted
- Filarial/filariasis
- Cestodes (tapeworms)
- Taenia saginata
- Taenia solium
- Adult worm
- Neurocysticercosis
- Echinococcus
- Diphyllobothrium
- Trematodes (flatworms/flukes)
- Lung: Paragonimus species
- Liver
- Fasciola hepatica (common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke)
- Opisthorchis viverrini (Southeast Asian liver fluke)
- Clonorchis sinensis (Chinese liver fluke)
- Metorchis conjunctus (Canadian liver fluke)
- Dicrocoelium dendriticum (lancet liver fluke)
- Intestinal
- Blood: Schistosoma species
Ectoparasites
- Fleas
- Lice
- Body lice
- Head lice
- Pubic lice
- Scabies
- Myiasis
- Dermatobia hominis (human botfly)
- Cordylobia anthropophaga (tumbu fly)
- Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm fly)
- Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screwworm fly)
- Tungiasis