Parasites: Difference between revisions

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== Single-celled (protozoa) ==
== Single-celled (protozoa) ==
* '''Amoebae'''
* '''Amoebae''': pseudopodia
** Obligate parasites
** Obligate parasites
*** Non-pathogenic
*** ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''
**** ''[[Entamoeba coli]]'', ''[[Entamoeba dispar]]'', ''[[Entamoeba hartmanii]]'', and ''[[Entamoeba polecki]]''
*** Non-pathogenic: other [[Entamoeba species]]
**** ''[[Endolimax nana]]''
** Facultative parasites (that are also free-living)
**** ''[[Iodamoeba buetschlii]]''
*** [[Naegleria fowleri]]: causes [[primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]]
*** Pathogenic
*** [[Balamuthia mandrillaris]]: causes [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]]
**** ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''
*** [[Acanthamoeba species]]: causes [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]] and [[amoebic keratitis]]
**** ''[[Blastocystis hominis]]'' (maybe)
* '''Flagellates'''
** Facultative free-living parasites
** Non-kinetoplastic gut flagellates
*** ''[[Naegleria fowleri]]'': causes [[primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]]
*** Pathogenic: [[Giardia lamblia]] and [[Dientamoeba fragilis]]
*** ''[[Balamuthia mandrillaris]]'': causes [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]]
*** Non-pathogenic: [[Chilomastix mesnili]]
*** [[Acanthamoeba species]]: cause [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]] and [[amoebic keratitis]]
** Non-kinetoplastic blood and tissue flagellates
* '''Flagellates''': regular flagella or kinetoplastic flagella
*** Pathogenic: [[Trichomonas vaginalis]]
** Non-kinetoplastic flagellates
*** Non-pathogenic: [[Trichomonas tenax]] and [[Pentatrichomonas hominis]]
*** Pathogenic
** Kinetoplastic flagellates: flagellated protozoa with DNA inside large mitochondria at one end
**** Intestinal: ''[[Giardia lamblia]]'' and ''[[Dientamoeba fragilis]]''
**** Genitourinary: ''[[Trichomonas vaginalis]]''
*** Non-pathogenic
**** Intestinal: ''[[Chilomastix mesnili]]'', ''[[Pentatrichomonas hominis]]''
**** Oral: ''[[Trichomonas tenax]]''
** Kinetoplastid flagellates: flagellated protozoa with DNA inside large mitochondria at one end
*** [[Trypanosoma species]]
*** [[Trypanosoma species]]
**** [[Trypanosoma cruzii]]: causes [[American trypanosomiasis]]
**** ''[[Trypanosoma cruzi]]'': causes [[American trypanosomiasis]]
**** [[Trypanosoma brucei]]: causes [[human African trypanosomiasis]]
**** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'': causes [[human African trypanosomiasis]]
***** [[Trypanosoma brucei]] subsp. gambiense: causes [[West African trypanosomiasis]]
***** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'' subsp. ''gambiense'': causes [[West African trypanosomiasis]]
***** [[Trypanosoma brucei]] subsp. rhodesiense: causes [[East African trypanosomiasis]]
***** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'' subsp. ''rhodesiense'': causes [[East African trypanosomiasis]]
***** Other subspecies have case reports of causing human disease
***** Other subspecies have case reports of causing human disease
*** [[Leishmania species]]
*** [[Leishmania species]]
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***** Viannia group (should be treated systemically): ''L. braziliensis'', ''L. panamensis'', ''L. guyanensis''
***** Viannia group (should be treated systemically): ''L. braziliensis'', ''L. panamensis'', ''L. guyanensis''
***** Leishmania group (may need only local treatment): ''L. mexicana''
***** Leishmania group (may need only local treatment): ''L. mexicana''
* '''Apicomplexa''' (sexual reproduction)
* '''Apicomplexa''': gliding, sexual reproduction
** Hemosporidia
** Hemosporidia
*** [[Plasmodium species]]
*** [[Plasmodium species]]
*** [[Babesia species]]
*** [[Babesia species]]
** Coccidia (not a microbiologically-sound category)
** Coccidia (not a microbiologically-sound category)
*** Blood and tissue: [[Toxoplasma gondii]]
*** Blood and tissue
**** ''[[Toxoplasma gondii]]''
*** Gut: [[Cryptosporidium species]], [[Cyclospora species]], [[Cystoisopora species]]
*** Both: [[Sarcocystis species]]
**** [[Sarcocystis species]]
*** Gut
* '''Ciliates'''
**** [[Cryptosporidium species]]
**** ''[[Cyclospora cayetanensis]]''
**** [[Cystoisopora species]]
**** [[Sarcocystis species]]
* '''Ciliates''': cilia
** ''[[Balantidium coli]]''
** ''[[Balantidium coli]]''



Revision as of 21:56, 18 December 2019

  • Eukaryotic single- or multi-cellular organisms

Single-celled (protozoa)

Multicellular (helminths)

Ectoparasites