Parasites: Difference between revisions
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== Single-celled (protozoa) == |
== Single-celled (protozoa) == |
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* '''Amoebae''' |
* '''Amoebae''': pseudopodia |
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** Obligate parasites |
** Obligate parasites |
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**** ''[[Entamoeba coli]]'', ''[[Entamoeba dispar]]'', ''[[Entamoeba hartmanii]]'', and ''[[Entamoeba polecki]]'' |
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*** Non-pathogenic: other [[Entamoeba species]] |
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**** ''[[Endolimax nana]]'' |
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**** ''[[Iodamoeba buetschlii]]'' |
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*** Pathogenic |
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**** ''[[Blastocystis hominis]]'' (maybe) |
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* '''Flagellates''' |
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** Non-kinetoplastic blood and tissue flagellates |
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* '''Flagellates''': regular flagella or kinetoplastic flagella |
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*** Pathogenic |
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*** Non-pathogenic |
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**** Oral: ''[[Trichomonas tenax]]'' |
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*** [[Trypanosoma species]] |
*** [[Trypanosoma species]] |
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**** [[Trypanosoma |
**** ''[[Trypanosoma cruzi]]'': causes [[American trypanosomiasis]] |
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**** [[Trypanosoma brucei]]: causes [[human African trypanosomiasis]] |
**** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'': causes [[human African trypanosomiasis]] |
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***** [[Trypanosoma brucei]] subsp. gambiense: causes [[West African trypanosomiasis]] |
***** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'' subsp. ''gambiense'': causes [[West African trypanosomiasis]] |
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***** [[Trypanosoma brucei]] subsp. rhodesiense: causes [[East African trypanosomiasis]] |
***** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'' subsp. ''rhodesiense'': causes [[East African trypanosomiasis]] |
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***** Other subspecies have case reports of causing human disease |
***** Other subspecies have case reports of causing human disease |
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*** [[Leishmania species]] |
*** [[Leishmania species]] |
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***** Viannia group (should be treated systemically): ''L. braziliensis'', ''L. panamensis'', ''L. guyanensis'' |
***** Viannia group (should be treated systemically): ''L. braziliensis'', ''L. panamensis'', ''L. guyanensis'' |
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***** Leishmania group (may need only local treatment): ''L. mexicana'' |
***** Leishmania group (may need only local treatment): ''L. mexicana'' |
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* '''Apicomplexa''' |
* '''Apicomplexa''': gliding, sexual reproduction |
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** Hemosporidia |
** Hemosporidia |
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*** [[Plasmodium species]] |
*** [[Plasmodium species]] |
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*** [[Babesia species]] |
*** [[Babesia species]] |
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** Coccidia (not a microbiologically-sound category) |
** Coccidia (not a microbiologically-sound category) |
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*** Blood and tissue |
*** Blood and tissue |
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**** ''[[Toxoplasma gondii]]'' |
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*** Gut: [[Cryptosporidium species]], [[Cyclospora species]], [[Cystoisopora species]] |
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**** [[Sarcocystis species]] |
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*** Gut |
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**** [[Cryptosporidium species]] |
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**** ''[[Cyclospora cayetanensis]]'' |
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**** [[Cystoisopora species]] |
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**** [[Sarcocystis species]] |
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** ''[[Balantidium coli]]'' |
** ''[[Balantidium coli]]'' |
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Revision as of 21:56, 18 December 2019
- Eukaryotic single- or multi-cellular organisms
Single-celled (protozoa)
- Amoebae: pseudopodia
- Obligate parasites
- Non-pathogenic
- Pathogenic
- Facultative free-living parasites
- Obligate parasites
- Flagellates: regular flagella or kinetoplastic flagella
- Non-kinetoplastic flagellates
- Pathogenic
- Intestinal: Giardia lamblia and Dientamoeba fragilis
- Genitourinary: Trichomonas vaginalis
- Non-pathogenic
- Intestinal: Chilomastix mesnili, Pentatrichomonas hominis
- Oral: Trichomonas tenax
- Pathogenic
- Kinetoplastid flagellates: flagellated protozoa with DNA inside large mitochondria at one end
- Trypanosoma species
- Trypanosoma cruzi: causes American trypanosomiasis
- Trypanosoma brucei: causes human African trypanosomiasis
- Trypanosoma brucei subsp. gambiense: causes West African trypanosomiasis
- Trypanosoma brucei subsp. rhodesiense: causes East African trypanosomiasis
- Other subspecies have case reports of causing human disease
- Leishmania species
- Old World, visceralizing: L. infantum, L. donovani (in India)
- Old World, tegumentary: L. infantum, L. donovani (Sri Lanka), L. major, L. tropica
- New World, visceralizing: L. chagasi (genetically identical to L. infantum)
- New World, tegumentary:
- Viannia group (should be treated systemically): L. braziliensis, L. panamensis, L. guyanensis
- Leishmania group (may need only local treatment): L. mexicana
- Trypanosoma species
- Non-kinetoplastic flagellates
- Apicomplexa: gliding, sexual reproduction
- Hemosporidia
- Coccidia (not a microbiologically-sound category)
- Ciliates: cilia
Multicellular (helminths)
- Nematodes (roundworms)
- Filarial/filariasis
- Lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis)
- Subsutaneous/tissue
- Serous
- Non-filarial
- Soil-transmitted
- Ascaris lumbricoides (great roundworm)
- Trichuris trichiura (whipworm)
- Hookworm
- Ancylostoma duodenale (Old World hookworm)
- Necator americanus (New World hookworm)
- Strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm)
- Non-soil-transmitted
- Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
- Trichinella spiralis
- Balisascaris procyonis
- Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea worm)
- Angiostrongylus cantonensis
- Anisakis (herring worm)
- Gnathostoma
- Soil-transmitted
- Filarial/filariasis
- Cestodes (tapeworms)
- Taenia saginata
- Taenia solium
- Adult worm
- Neurocysticercosis
- Echinococcus
- Diphyllobothrium
- Trematodes (flatworms/flukes)
Ectoparasites
- Fleas
- Lice
- Body lice
- Head lice
- Pubic lice
- Scabies
- Myiasis
- Dermatobia hominis (human botfly)
- Cordylobia anthropophaga (tumbu fly)
- Cochliomyia hominivorax (New World screwworm fly)
- Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screwworm fly)
- Tungiasis