Parasites: Difference between revisions

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== Single-celled (protozoa) ==
 
== Single-celled (protozoa) ==
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* '''Amoebae'''
* Intestinal
 
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** Obligate parasites
** Amoeba
 
 
*** ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''
 
*** ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''
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*** Non-pathogenic: other [[Entamoeba species]]
** Flagellates
 
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** Facultative parasites (that are also free-living)
*** ''[[Giardia]]''
 
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*** [[Naegleria fowleri]]: causes [[primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]]
** "Coccidia" (not a microbiologically-sound category)
 
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*** [[Balamuthia mandrillaris]]: causes [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]]
*** ''[[Cryptosporidium]]''
 
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*** [[Acanthamoeba species]]: causes [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]] and [[amoebic keratitis]]
*** ''[[Cyclospora]]''
 
*** ''[[Isospora]]''
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* '''Flagellates'''
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** Non-kinetoplastic gut flagellates
** Ciliated
 
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*** Pathogenic: [[Giardia lamblia]] and [[Dientamoeba fragilis]]
*** ''[[Balantidium coli]]''
 
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*** Non-pathogenic: [[Chilomastix mesnili]]
* Blood
 
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** Non-kinetoplastic blood and tissue flagellates
** ''[[Plasmodium]]''
 
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*** Pathogenic: [[Trichomonas vaginalis]]
** ''[[Babesia]]''
 
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*** Non-pathogenic: [[Trichomonas tenax]] and [[Pentatrichomonas hominis]]
* Tissue
 
 
** Kinetoplastic flagellates: flagellated protozoa with DNA inside large mitochondria at one end
** Brain
 
*** ''[[Toxoplasma gondii]]''
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*** [[Trypanosoma species]]
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**** [[Trypanosoma cruzii]]: causes [[American trypanosomiasis]]
*** Free-living amoebae
 
 
**** [[Trypanosoma brucei]]: causes [[human African trypanosomiasis]]
**** ''[[Naegleria fowleri]]''
 
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***** [[Trypanosoma brucei]] subsp. gambiense: causes [[West African trypanosomiasis]]
**** ''[[Balamuthia mandrillaris]]''
 
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***** [[Trypanosoma brucei]] subsp. rhodesiense: causes [[East African trypanosomiasis]]
** Muscle
 
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***** Other subspecies have case reports of causing human disease
*** ''[[Sarcocystis]]''
 
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*** [[Leishmania species]]
** Kinetoplasts: flagellated protozoa with DNA inside large mitochondria at one end
 
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**** Old World, visceralizing: ''L. infantum'', ''L. donovani'' (in India)
*** [[Chagas]]
 
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**** Old World, tegumentary: ''L. infantum'', ''L. donovani'' (Sri Lanka), ''L. major'', ''L. tropica''
*** [[Human African trypanosomiasis]]
 
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**** New World, visceralizing: ''L. chagasi'' (genetically identical to ''L. infantum'')
*** [[Leishmaniasis]]
 
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**** New World, tegumentary:
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***** Viannia group (should be treated systemically): ''L. braziliensis'', ''L. panamensis'', ''L. guyanensis''
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***** Leishmania group (may need only local treatment): ''L. mexicana''
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* '''Apicomplexa''' (sexual reproduction)
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** Hemosporidia
 
*** [[Plasmodium species]]
 
*** [[Babesia species]]
 
** Coccidia (not a microbiologically-sound category)
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*** Blood and tissue: [[Toxoplasma gondii]]
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*** Gut: [[Cryptosporidium species]], [[Cyclospora species]], [[Cystoisopora species]]
 
*** Both: [[Sarcocystis species]]
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* '''Ciliates'''
 
** ''[[Balantidium coli]]''
   
 
== Multicellular (helminths) ==
 
== Multicellular (helminths) ==

Revision as of 14:47, 2 December 2019

  • Eukaryotic single- or multi-cellular organisms

Single-celled (protozoa)

Multicellular (helminths)

Ectoparasites