Dengue virus: Difference between revisions
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== |
==Background== |
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=== |
===Microbiology=== |
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*Single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus |
*Single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus |
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*Member of the [[Flaviviridae]] |
*Member of the [[Flaviviridae]] |
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=== |
===Epidemiology=== |
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* |
*Endemic in tropics worldwide, with almost half of the world's population at risk of infection |
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* |
*Transmitted by ''[[Vector::Aedes aegypti]]'' and ''[[Vector::Aedes albopictus]]'' |
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== |
==Clinical Manifestations== |
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*Incubation period of 4 to 7 days |
*Incubation period of [[Usual incubation period::4 to 7 days]] |
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*Classic presentation includes fever, headache (especially retroorbital), diffuse arthralgias ("breakbone fever"), and rash |
*Classic presentation includes [[Causes::fever]], [[Causes::headache]] (especially retroorbital), diffuse [[Causes::arthralgias]] ("breakbone fever"), and [[Causes::rash]] |
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*Often has thrombocytopenia |
*Often has [[Causes::thrombocytopenia]] |
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*With repeated infections, can progress to [[Causes::hemorrhagic fever]] and [[Causes::shock]] |
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== |
==Differential Diagnosis== |
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*[[Zika virus]] |
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*Differential also include whichever [[rickettsioses]] are endemic to the area visited |
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*[[Chikungunya virus]] |
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*[[Rickettsiae]] |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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| ⚫ | |||
!Feature |
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!Dengue |
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![[Zika]] |
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![[Chikungunya]] |
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|- |
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|Asymptomatic |
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|40-80% |
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|35-85% |
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|3-28% |
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|- |
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|Fever |
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| +++ |
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| ++ |
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| +++ |
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|- |
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|Rash |
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| + |
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| +++ |
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| ++ |
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|- |
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|Conjunctivitis |
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|– |
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| ++ |
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| + |
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|- |
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|Arthralgia |
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| + |
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| ++ |
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| +++ |
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|- |
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|Myalgia |
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| ++ |
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| + |
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| + |
|||
|- |
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|Headache |
|||
| ++ |
|||
| + |
|||
| ++ |
|||
|- |
|||
|Hemorrhage |
|||
| ++ |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
|Shock |
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| + |
|||
|– |
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|– |
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|- |
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|Thrombocytopenia |
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| +++ |
|||
| + |
|||
|– |
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|- |
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|Leukopenia |
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| ++ |
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|– |
|||
| ++ |
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|} |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:Flaviviridae]] |
[[Category:Flaviviridae]] |
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[[Category:Vector-borne |
[[Category:Vector-borne infections]] |
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[[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
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Latest revision as of 18:11, 22 August 2020
Background
Microbiology
- Single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus
- Member of the Flaviviridae
Epidemiology
- Endemic in tropics worldwide, with almost half of the world's population at risk of infection
- Transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
Clinical Manifestations
- Incubation period of 4 to 7 days
- Classic presentation includes fever, headache (especially retroorbital), diffuse arthralgias ("breakbone fever"), and rash
- Often has thrombocytopenia
- With repeated infections, can progress to hemorrhagic fever and shock
Differential Diagnosis
| Feature | Dengue | Zika | Chikungunya |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asymptomatic | 40-80% | 35-85% | 3-28% |
| Fever | +++ | ++ | +++ |
| Rash | + | +++ | ++ |
| Conjunctivitis | – | ++ | + |
| Arthralgia | + | ++ | +++ |
| Myalgia | ++ | + | + |
| Headache | ++ | + | ++ |
| Hemorrhage | ++ | – | – |
| Shock | + | – | – |
| Thrombocytopenia | +++ | + | – |
| Leukopenia | ++ | – | ++ |
Management
- Supportive
