Dengue virus: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 18:11, 22 August 2020

Background

Microbiology

Single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus
Member of the Flaviviridae

Epidemiology

Endemic in tropics worldwide, with almost half of the world's population at risk of infection
Transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

Clinical Manifestations

Incubation period of 4 to 7 days
Classic presentation includes fever, headache (especially retroorbital), diffuse arthralgias ("breakbone fever"), and rash
Often has thrombocytopenia
With repeated infections, can progress to hemorrhagic fever and shock

Differential Diagnosis

Feature	Dengue	Zika	Chikungunya
Asymptomatic	40-80%	35-85%	3-28%
Fever	+++	++	+++
Rash	+	+++	++
Conjunctivitis	–	++	+
Arthralgia	+	++	+++
Myalgia	++	+	+
Headache	++	+	++
Hemorrhage	++	–	–
Shock	+	–	–
Thrombocytopenia	+++	+	–
Leukopenia	++	–	++

Management

Supportive

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+==Background==
-* Mosquito-borne Flavivirus endemic in tropics worldwide
-* Transmitted by ''[[Aedes aegypti]]'' and ''[[Aedes albopictus]]''
+===Microbiology===
-* Incubation period of 4 to 7 days
-* Classic presentation includes fever, headache (especially retroorbital), diffuse arthralgias ("breakbone fever"), and rash
+*Single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus
-* Often has thrombocytopenia
+*Member of the [[Flaviviridae]]
-* Differential also include whichever [[rickettsioses]] are endemic to the area visited
+===Epidemiology===
+*Endemic in tropics worldwide, with almost half of the world's population at risk of infection
+*Transmitted by ''[[Vector::Aedes aegypti]]'' and ''[[Vector::Aedes albopictus]]''
+==Clinical Manifestations==
+*Incubation period of [[Usual incubation period::4 to 7 days]]
+*Classic presentation includes [[Causes::fever]], [[Causes::headache]] (especially retroorbital), diffuse [[Causes::arthralgias]] ("breakbone fever"), and [[Causes::rash]]
+*Often has [[Causes::thrombocytopenia]]
+*With repeated infections, can progress to [[Causes::hemorrhagic fever]] and [[Causes::shock]]
+==Differential Diagnosis==
+*[[Zika virus]]
+*[[Chikungunya virus]]
+*[[Rickettsiae]]
+{| class="wikitable"
+!Feature
+!Dengue
+![[Zika]]
+![[Chikungunya]]
+|-
+|Asymptomatic
+|40-80%
+|35-85%
+|3-28%
+|-
+|Fever
+| +++
+| ++
+| +++
+|-
+|Rash
+| +
+| +++
+| ++
+|-
+|Conjunctivitis
+|–
+| ++
+| +
+|-
+|Arthralgia
+| +
+| ++
+| +++
+|-
+|Myalgia
+| ++
+| +
+| +
+|-
+|Headache
+| ++
+| +
+| ++
+|-
+|Hemorrhage
+| ++
+|–
+|–
+|-
+|Shock
+| +
+|–
+|–
+|-
+|Thrombocytopenia
+| +++
+| +
+|–
+|-
+|Leukopenia
+| ++
+|–
+| ++
+|}
+==Management==
+*Supportive
 [[Category:Flaviviridae]]
+[[Category:Vector-borne infections]]
+[[Category:Infectious diseases]]