Helminths: Difference between revisions
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* '''Platyhelminths''' (flatworms) |
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!Group |
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** '''Trematodes''' (flukes): non-segmented |
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!Species |
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*** Lung: [[Paragonimus species]] |
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!Common Name |
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*** Liver |
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!Exposure |
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**** ''[[Fasciola hepatica]]'' (common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke) |
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!Treatment |
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**** ''[[Opisthorchis viverrini]]'' (Southeast Asian liver fluke) |
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|- |
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**** ''[[Clonorchis sinensis]]'' (Chinese liver fluke) |
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! colspan="5" |Platyhelminths: trematodes (flukes) |
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**** ''[[Metorchis conjunctus]]'' (Canadian liver fluke) |
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|- |
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**** ''[[Dicrocoelium dendriticum]]'' (lancet liver fluke) |
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|lung flukes |
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*** Intestinal |
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|[[Paragonimus species]] |
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**** ''[[Echinostoma revolutum]]'' |
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|lung fluke |
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**** ''[[Fasciolopsis buskii]]'' |
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**** [[Metagonimus species]] |
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**** ''[[Heterophyes heterophyes]]'' |
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|- |
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*** Blood: [[Schistosoma species]] |
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| rowspan="5" |liver flukes |
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**** ''[[Schistosoma haematobium]]'' |
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|[[Fasciola hepatica]] |
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**** ''[[Schistosoma mansoni]]'' |
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|common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke |
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** '''Cestodes''' (tapeworms): segmented |
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*** Pseudophyllideans |
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**** ''[[Diphyllobothrium latum]]'' |
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**** [[Spirometra species]] |
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|[[Opisthorchis viverrini]] |
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**** [[Sparganum species]] |
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|Southeast Asian liver fluke |
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*** Cyclophyllideans |
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**** Intestinal |
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***** ''[[Taenia solium]]'' (pork tapeworm) |
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|- |
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***** ''[[Taenia saginata]]'' (beef tapeworm) |
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|[[Clonorchis sinensis]] |
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***** ''[[Hymenolepis nana]]'' (dwarf tapeworm) |
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|Chinese liver fluke |
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***** ''[[Hymenolepis diminuta]]'' |
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***** ''[[Dipylidium caninum]]'' |
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**** Tissue |
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***** ''[[Echinococcus granulosus]]'' (hydatid worm) |
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|[[Metorchis conjunctus]] |
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***** ''[[Echinococcus multilocularis]]'' (alveolar hydatid disease) |
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|Canadian liver fluke |
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***** Larvareal ''[[Taenia solium]]'' (cysticercosis) |
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***** ''[[Taenia multiceps]]'' and ''[[Taenia serialis]]'' (multiceps serialis)) |
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* '''Nematodes''' (roundworms) |
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|- |
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** '''Filarial''' roundworms |
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|[[Dicrocoelium dendriticum]] |
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*** ''[[Onchocerca volvulus]]'' (river blindness) |
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|lancet liver fluke |
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*** ''[[Loa loa]]'' (eye worm) |
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*** ''[[Wuchereria bancrofti]]'' (lymphatic filariasis) |
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**** ''[[Brugia malayi]]'' and ''[[Brugia timori]]'' (lymphatic filariasis) |
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|- |
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*** ''[[Mansonella perstans]]'', ''[[Mansonella streptocerca]]'', and ''[[Mansonella ozzardi]]'' |
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| rowspan="4" |intestinal flukes |
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** '''Non-filarial''' roundworms |
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|[[Echinostoma revolutum]] |
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*** Intestinal |
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**** ''[[Ascaris lumbricoides]]'' (great roundworm) |
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**** ''[[Necator americanus]]'' (New World hookworm) |
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**** ''[[Ancylostoma duodenale]]'' (Old World hookworm) |
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|- |
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**** ''[[Strongyloides stercoralis]]'' (threadworm) |
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|[[Fasciolopsis buskii]] |
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**** ''[[Trichuris trichuria]]'' (whipworm) |
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**** ''[[Enterobius vermicularis]]'' (pinworm) |
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**** [[Capillaria species]] |
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**** [[Trichostrongylus species]] |
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|- |
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**** [[Anisakis species]] |
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|[[Metagonimus species]] |
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*** Tissue |
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**** ''[[Trichinella spiralis]]'' (pork worm) |
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**** ''[[Ancylostoma braziliense]]'', ''[[Ancylostoma caninum]]'', and other spp. ([[cutaneous larva migrans]], creeping eruption) |
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**** ''[[Dracunculus medinensis]]'' (Guinea worm) |
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|- |
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**** ''[[Toxocara canis]]'' and ''[[Toxocara cati]]'' ([[visceral larva migrans]]) |
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|[[Heterophyes heterophyes]] |
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**** ''[[Angiostrongylus cantonensis]]'' (rat lungworm) |
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**** [[Gnathostoma species]] |
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|eating undercooked fresh/brackish water fish in Egypt and Middle and Far East |
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**** ''[[Baylisascaris procyonis]]'' (raccoon roundworm) |
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**** ''[[Dioctophyme renale]]'' (giant kidney worm) |
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|- |
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| rowspan="2" |blood flukes |
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|[[Schistosoma haematobium]] |
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|blood fluke |
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|[[Schistosoma mansoni]] |
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|blood fluke |
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! colspan="5" |Platyhelminths: cestodes (tapeworms) |
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|- |
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| rowspan="3" |pseudophyllideans |
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|[[Diphyllobothrium latum]] |
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|[[Spirometra species]] |
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|[[Sparganum species]] |
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| rowspan="5" |intestinal cyclophyllideans |
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|[[Taenia solium]] |
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|pork tapeworm |
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|eating undercooked pork |
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|- |
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|[[Taenia saginata]] |
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|beef tapeworm |
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|eating undercooked beef |
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|- |
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|[[Hymenolepis nana]] |
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|dwarf tapeworm |
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|[[Hymenolepis diminuta]] |
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|[[Dipylidium caninum]] |
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| rowspan="5" |tissue cyclophyllideans |
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|[[Echinococcus granulosus]] |
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|hydatid worm |
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|[[Echinococcus multilocularis]] |
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|alveolar hydatid disease |
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|- |
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|[[Taenia solium]] |
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|cysticercosis |
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|eating soil contaminated with pig or human feces |
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|[[Taenia multiceps]] |
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|[[Taenia serialis]] |
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! colspan="5" |Nematodes (roundworms) |
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|- |
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| rowspan="8" |filarial roundworms |
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|[[Onchocerca volvulus]] |
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|river blindness |
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|- |
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|[[Loa loa]] |
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|eye worm |
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|[[Wuchereria bancrofti]] |
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|lymphatic filariasis |
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|- |
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|[[Brugia malayi]] |
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|lymphatic filariasis |
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|- |
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|[[Brugia timori]] |
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|lymphatic filariasis |
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|[[Mansonella perstans]] |
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|[[Mansonella streptocerca]] |
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|[[Mansonella ozzardi]] |
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|- |
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| rowspan="9" |intestinal roundworms |
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|[[Ascaris lumbricoides]] |
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|great roundworm |
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|- |
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|[[Necator americanus]] |
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|New World hookworm |
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|- |
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|[[Ancylostoma duodenale]] |
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|Old World hookworm |
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|- |
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|[[Strongyloides stercoralis]] |
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|threadworm |
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|immunosuppression in a person who has ever spent time on a tropical beach |
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|ivermectin ± albendazole |
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|- |
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|[[Trichuris trichiura]] |
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|whipworm |
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|- |
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|[[Enterobius vermicularis]] |
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|pinworm |
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|- |
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|[[Capillaria species]] |
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|[[Trichostrongylus species]] |
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|[[Anisakis species]] |
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|anisakidosis |
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|- |
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| rowspan="10" |tissue-invasive roundworms |
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|[[Trichinella spiralis]] |
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|pork worm |
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|eating undercooked pig, boar, or bear meat |
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|- |
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|[[Anyclostoma braziliense]] |
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|cutaneous larva migrans |
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|- |
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|[[Ancylostoma caninum]] |
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|cutaneous larva migrans |
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|- |
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|[[Dracunculus medinensis]] |
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|Guinea worm |
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|- |
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|[[Toxocara canis]] |
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|[[visceral larva migrans]] |
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|- |
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|[[Toxocara cati]] |
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|[[visceral larva migrans]] |
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|[[Angiostrongylus cantonensis]] |
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|rat lungworm |
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|[[Gnathostoma species]] |
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|[[Baylisascaris procyonis]] |
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|raccoon roundworm |
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|- |
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|[[Dioctophyme renale]] |
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|giant kidney worm |
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|} |
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== |
==Investigations== |
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* Eosinophilia seen in tissue-invasive worms, not in those that live in the gut or in cystic structures |
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*Eosinophilia seen in tissue-invasive worms, not in those that live in the gut or in cystic structures |
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[[Category:Helminths]] |
[[Category:Helminths]] |
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Revision as of 13:19, 3 August 2020
| Group | Species | Common Name | Exposure | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Platyhelminths: trematodes (flukes) | ||||
| lung flukes | Paragonimus species | lung fluke | ||
| liver flukes | Fasciola hepatica | common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke | ||
| Opisthorchis viverrini | Southeast Asian liver fluke | |||
| Clonorchis sinensis | Chinese liver fluke | |||
| Metorchis conjunctus | Canadian liver fluke | |||
| Dicrocoelium dendriticum | lancet liver fluke | |||
| intestinal flukes | Echinostoma revolutum | |||
| Fasciolopsis buskii | ||||
| Metagonimus species | ||||
| Heterophyes heterophyes | eating undercooked fresh/brackish water fish in Egypt and Middle and Far East | |||
| blood flukes | Schistosoma haematobium | blood fluke | ||
| Schistosoma mansoni | blood fluke | |||
| Platyhelminths: cestodes (tapeworms) | ||||
| pseudophyllideans | Diphyllobothrium latum | |||
| Spirometra species | ||||
| Sparganum species | ||||
| intestinal cyclophyllideans | Taenia solium | pork tapeworm | eating undercooked pork | |
| Taenia saginata | beef tapeworm | eating undercooked beef | ||
| Hymenolepis nana | dwarf tapeworm | |||
| Hymenolepis diminuta | ||||
| Dipylidium caninum | ||||
| tissue cyclophyllideans | Echinococcus granulosus | hydatid worm | ||
| Echinococcus multilocularis | alveolar hydatid disease | |||
| Taenia solium | cysticercosis | eating soil contaminated with pig or human feces | ||
| Taenia multiceps | ||||
| Taenia serialis | ||||
| Nematodes (roundworms) | ||||
| filarial roundworms | Onchocerca volvulus | river blindness | ||
| Loa loa | eye worm | |||
| Wuchereria bancrofti | lymphatic filariasis | |||
| Brugia malayi | lymphatic filariasis | |||
| Brugia timori | lymphatic filariasis | |||
| Mansonella perstans | ||||
| Mansonella streptocerca | ||||
| Mansonella ozzardi | ||||
| intestinal roundworms | Ascaris lumbricoides | great roundworm | ||
| Necator americanus | New World hookworm | |||
| Ancylostoma duodenale | Old World hookworm | |||
| Strongyloides stercoralis | threadworm | immunosuppression in a person who has ever spent time on a tropical beach | ivermectin ± albendazole | |
| Trichuris trichiura | whipworm | |||
| Enterobius vermicularis | pinworm | |||
| Capillaria species | ||||
| Trichostrongylus species | ||||
| Anisakis species | anisakidosis | |||
| tissue-invasive roundworms | Trichinella spiralis | pork worm | eating undercooked pig, boar, or bear meat | |
| Anyclostoma braziliense | cutaneous larva migrans | |||
| Ancylostoma caninum | cutaneous larva migrans | |||
| Dracunculus medinensis | Guinea worm | |||
| Toxocara canis | visceral larva migrans | |||
| Toxocara cati | visceral larva migrans | |||
| Angiostrongylus cantonensis | rat lungworm | |||
| Gnathostoma species | ||||
| Baylisascaris procyonis | raccoon roundworm | |||
| Dioctophyme renale | giant kidney worm | |||
Investigations
- Eosinophilia seen in tissue-invasive worms, not in those that live in the gut or in cystic structures
