Indefinite antimicrobial therapy: Difference between revisions
(Created page with "* Includes suppressive and prophylactic therapy, as well as use for treatment of non-infectious diseases (e.g. acne and reactive airways) {| class="wikitable" !Indication !Antimicrobial !Alternative |- ! colspan="3" |Prophylaxis |- |PJP prophylaxis following transplantation |TMP-SMX SS or DS daily or thrice weekly |Dapsone 50-100 mg p.o. daily Atovaquone 1500 mg p.o. daily Pentamidine 300 mg inhaled every 3-4 weeks Clindamycin 300 mg p.o. daily plus pyrimethamine 15 mg...") |
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! colspan="3" |Prophylaxis |
! colspan="3" |Prophylaxis |
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− | |PJP prophylaxis following transplantation |
+ | |[[PJP prophylaxis]] following transplantation |
− | |TMP-SMX SS or DS daily or thrice weekly |
+ | |[[TMP-SMX]] SS or DS daily or thrice weekly |
− | |Dapsone 50-100 mg p.o. daily |
+ | |[[Dapsone]] 50-100 mg p.o. daily |
− | Atovaquone 1500 mg p.o. daily |
+ | [[Atovaquone]] 1500 mg p.o. daily |
− | Pentamidine 300 mg inhaled every 3-4 weeks |
+ | [[Pentamidine]] 300 mg inhaled every 3-4 weeks |
− | Clindamycin 300 mg p.o. daily plus pyrimethamine 15 mg p.o. daily |
+ | [[Clindamycin]] 300 mg p.o. daily plus pyrimethamine 15 mg p.o. daily |
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|Post-splenectomy |
|Post-splenectomy |
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− | |Amoxicillin 250-500 mg p.o. daily |
+ | |[[Amoxicillin]] 250-500 mg p.o. daily |
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|[[Rheumatic fever]] |
|[[Rheumatic fever]] |
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− | | |
+ | |[[Benzathine penicillin]] 1.2 g IM every 3-4 weeks |
− | Penicillin V 250 mg p.o. twice daily |
+ | [[Penicillin V]] 250 mg p.o. twice daily |
− | Sulphonamide 1 g p.o. daily |
+ | [[Sulphonamide]] 1 g p.o. daily |
− | Erythromycin 250 mg p.o. twice daily |
+ | [[Erythromycin]] 250 mg p.o. twice daily |
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|[[Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis]] |
|[[Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis]] |
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− | |Norfloxacin 400 mg p.o. daily |
+ | |[[Norfloxacin]] 400 mg p.o. daily |
− | |TMP-SMX DS p.o. daily |
+ | |[[TMP-SMX]] DS p.o. daily |
− | Ciprofloxacin 750 mg p.o. weekly |
+ | [[Ciprofloxacin]] 750 mg p.o. weekly |
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|[[Urinary tract infection]] |
|[[Urinary tract infection]] |
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− | |TMP-SMX SS half tablet p.o. daily or thrice weekly |
+ | |[[TMP-SMX]] SS half tablet p.o. daily or thrice weekly |
− | + | [[Trimethoprim]] 100-300 mg p.o. daily |
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− | Ciprofloxacin 125 mg p.o. daily |
+ | [[Ciprofloxacin]] 125 mg p.o. daily |
− | Cefalexin 125-250 mg p.o. daily |
+ | [[Cefalexin]] 125-250 mg p.o. daily |
− | Nitrofurantoin 50-100 mg p.o. daily |
+ | [[Nitrofurantoin]] 50-100 mg p.o. daily |
− | Norfloxacin 200 mg p.o. daily |
+ | [[Norfloxacin]] 200 mg p.o. daily |
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|[[Prosthetic joint infection]] with MSSA |
|[[Prosthetic joint infection]] with MSSA |
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− | |Cefalexin 500 mg p.o. three or four times daily |
+ | |[[Cefalexin]] 500 mg p.o. three or four times daily |
− | Cefadroxil 500 mg p.o. twice daily |
+ | [[Cefadroxil]] 500 mg p.o. twice daily |
− | |Dicloxacillin 500 mg p.o. three to four times daily |
+ | |[[Dicloxacillin]] 500 mg p.o. three to four times daily |
− | Clindamycin 300 mg p.o. four times daily |
+ | [[Clindamycin]] 300 mg p.o. four times daily |
− | Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 500 mg p.o. three times daily |
+ | [[Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid]] 500 mg p.o. three times daily |
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|[[Prosthetic joint infection]] with MRSA |
|[[Prosthetic joint infection]] with MRSA |
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− | |TMP-SMX DS 1 tab p.o. twice daily |
+ | |[[TMP-SMX]] DS 1 tab p.o. twice daily |
− | |Minocycline or doxycycline 100 mg p.o. twice daily |
+ | |[[Minocycline]] or [[doxycycline]] 100 mg p.o. twice daily |
− | Fluoroquinolone +/- rifampin |
+ | [[Fluoroquinolone]] +/- [[rifampin]] |
− | Fusidic acid + rifampin |
+ | [[Fusidic acid]] + [[rifampin]] |
+ | |||
− | Cefalexin 500 mg p.o. three to four times daily |
+ | [[Cefalexin]] 500 mg p.o. three to four times daily |
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|[[Prosthetic joint infection]] with beta-hemolytic streptococci and enterococci |
|[[Prosthetic joint infection]] with beta-hemolytic streptococci and enterococci |
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− | |Penicillin V 500 mg p.o. two to four times daily |
+ | |[[Penicillin V]] 500 mg p.o. two to four times daily |
− | Amoxicillin 500 mg p.o. three times daily |
+ | [[Amoxicillin]] 500 mg p.o. three times daily |
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|[[Prosthetic joint infection]] with Gram-negative bacilli |
|[[Prosthetic joint infection]] with Gram-negative bacilli |
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− | |Ciprofloxacin 250-500 mg p.o. twice daily |
+ | |[[Ciprofloxacin]] 250-500 mg p.o. twice daily |
− | TMP-SMX DS 1 tab p.o. twice daily |
+ | [[TMP-SMX]] DS 1 tab p.o. twice daily |
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|[[Acne]] |
|[[Acne]] |
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− | |Minocycline 100 mg p.o. daily |
+ | |[[Minocycline]] 100 mg p.o. daily |
− | |Doxycycline, lymecycline, azithromycin, clindamycin, trimethoprim |
+ | |[[Doxycycline]], [[lymecycline]], [[azithromycin]], [[clindamycin]], [[trimethoprim]] |
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|[[Cystic fibrosis]] |
|[[Cystic fibrosis]] |
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− | |Azithromycin 250-500 mg p.o. daily |
+ | |[[Azithromycin]] 250-500 mg p.o. daily |
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|[[Inflammatory bowel disease]] |
|[[Inflammatory bowel disease]] |
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− | |Metronidazole 10-20 mg/kg/day |
+ | |[[Metronidazole]] 10-20 mg/kg/day |
− | Ciprofloxacin 500 mg p.o. twice daily plus metronidazole |
+ | [[Ciprofloxacin]] 500 mg p.o. twice daily plus metronidazole |
⚫ | |||
− | |Rifaximin |
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⚫ | |||
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|Reactive airway disease |
|Reactive airway disease |
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− | |Azithromycin 250 mg p.o. daily |
+ | |[[Azithromycin]] 250 mg p.o. daily |
− | Azithromycin 500 mg p.o. thrice weekly |
+ | [[Azithromycin]] 500 mg p.o. thrice weekly |
− | |Moxifloxacin 400 mg p.o. daily for 5 days followed by pulsed every 8 weeks |
+ | |[[Moxifloxacin]] 400 mg p.o. daily for 5 days followed by pulsed every 8 weeks |
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Latest revision as of 12:39, 13 September 2024
- Includes suppressive and prophylactic therapy, as well as use for treatment of non-infectious diseases (e.g. acne and reactive airways)
Indication | Antimicrobial | Alternative |
---|---|---|
Prophylaxis | ||
PJP prophylaxis following transplantation | TMP-SMX SS or DS daily or thrice weekly | Dapsone 50-100 mg p.o. daily
Atovaquone 1500 mg p.o. daily Pentamidine 300 mg inhaled every 3-4 weeks Clindamycin 300 mg p.o. daily plus pyrimethamine 15 mg p.o. daily |
Post-splenectomy | Amoxicillin 250-500 mg p.o. daily | |
Rheumatic fever | Benzathine penicillin 1.2 g IM every 3-4 weeks
Penicillin V 250 mg p.o. twice daily Sulphonamide 1 g p.o. daily Erythromycin 250 mg p.o. twice daily |
|
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis | Norfloxacin 400 mg p.o. daily | TMP-SMX DS p.o. daily
Ciprofloxacin 750 mg p.o. weekly |
Urinary tract infection | TMP-SMX SS half tablet p.o. daily or thrice weekly
Trimethoprim 100-300 mg p.o. daily Ciprofloxacin 125 mg p.o. daily Cefalexin 125-250 mg p.o. daily Nitrofurantoin 50-100 mg p.o. daily Norfloxacin 200 mg p.o. daily |
|
Suppressive Therapy | ||
Prosthetic joint infection with MSSA | Cefalexin 500 mg p.o. three or four times daily
Cefadroxil 500 mg p.o. twice daily |
Dicloxacillin 500 mg p.o. three to four times daily
Clindamycin 300 mg p.o. four times daily Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 500 mg p.o. three times daily |
Prosthetic joint infection with MRSA | TMP-SMX DS 1 tab p.o. twice daily | Minocycline or doxycycline 100 mg p.o. twice daily
Fluoroquinolone +/- rifampin Fusidic acid + rifampin Cefalexin 500 mg p.o. three to four times daily |
Prosthetic joint infection with beta-hemolytic streptococci and enterococci | Penicillin V 500 mg p.o. two to four times daily
Amoxicillin 500 mg p.o. three times daily |
|
Prosthetic joint infection with Gram-negative bacilli | Ciprofloxacin 250-500 mg p.o. twice daily
TMP-SMX DS 1 tab p.o. twice daily |
|
Non-Antimicrobial Properties | ||
Acne | Minocycline 100 mg p.o. daily | Doxycycline, lymecycline, azithromycin, clindamycin, trimethoprim |
Cystic fibrosis | Azithromycin 250-500 mg p.o. daily | |
Inflammatory bowel disease | Metronidazole 10-20 mg/kg/day
Ciprofloxacin 500 mg p.o. twice daily plus metronidazole |
RifaximinClarithromycin + rifabutin + clofazimine |
Reactive airway disease | Azithromycin 250 mg p.o. daily
Azithromycin 500 mg p.o. thrice weekly |
Moxifloxacin 400 mg p.o. daily for 5 days followed by pulsed every 8 weeks |
Further Reading
- Life-long antimicrobial therapy: where is the evidence? J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018;73:2601-2612. doi: 10.1093/jac/dky174