Pulmonary-renal syndrome

Background

• Usually refers to a combination of glomerulonephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage
• Most common causes are ANCA-associated vaculitis and anti-GBM disease

Differential Diagnosis

• ANCA-associated small vessel vaculitis (70%)
  • Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
  • Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
  • Microscopic polyangiitis
• Anti-GBM antibody disease (Goodpasture syndrome) (20%)
• Rarely
  • Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • IgA vasculitis
• Even more rare: thrombotic microangiopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, mixed connective tissue disease, polymyositis, and dermatomyositis