Uveitis: Difference between revisions
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==Background== |
==Background== |
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| + | |||
| − | * |
+ | *Inflammation of the uvea, which comprises the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, or of the retina |
| − | ** |
+ | **Anterior: iritis, iridocyclitis |
| − | ** |
+ | **Intermediate: pars planitis |
| − | ** |
+ | **Posterior: choroiditis, retinitis, chorioretinitis |
| − | ** |
+ | **Panuveitis |
==Differential Diagnosis== |
==Differential Diagnosis== |
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===Infectious causes=== |
===Infectious causes=== |
||
| + | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| − | * |
+ | *Anterior uveitis (10% infectious) |
| + | **[[Herpes simplex virus]] (by far the most common infectious cause) |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Varicella-zoster virus]] |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Syphilis]] |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Tuberculosis]] |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Lyme disease]] |
| + | **[[Leprosy]] |
||
| − | * |
+ | *Intermediate uveitis (rarely infectious) |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Lyme disease]] |
| − | * Posterior uveitis (50% infectious) |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Toxoplasmosis]] |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Acute retinal necrosis]] from [[HSV]], [[VZV]], and [[CMV]] |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[CMV]] retinitis, in immunocompromised patients |
| − | ** [[Toxocara]] |
||
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Toxocara]] |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Syphilis]] |
| + | **[[Cat-scratch disease]] |
||
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Candida]] endophthalmitis |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[West Nile virus]], causing a multifocal chorioretinitis |
| − | * |
+ | *Panuveitis |
| − | ** [[Syphilis]] |
||
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Syphilis]] |
| + | **[[Tuberculosis]] |
||
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Candida]] endophthalmitis |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Leptospirosis]], without retinal or choroidal lesions |
| − | * |
+ | *Other |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Brucella]], causing a chronic relapsing uveitis that is typically posterior but can be anterior or panuveitis[[CiteRef::rolando2008oc]] |
| − | ** [[Chikungunya]] |
||
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Chikungunya]] |
| − | ** |
+ | **[[Ebola virus]] |
| ⚫ | |||
| + | |||
| + | == Clinical Manifestations == |
||
| + | |||
| + | * Anterior: painful red eye and vision loss |
||
| + | * Intermediate: vision loss with floaters, usually painless (and rarely infectious) |
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| + | * Posterior: painless vision loss |
||
[[Category:Ophthalmology]] |
[[Category:Ophthalmology]] |
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| + | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
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| + | [[Category:Eye infections]] |
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Latest revision as of 10:38, 12 August 2020
Background
- Inflammation of the uvea, which comprises the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, or of the retina
- Anterior: iritis, iridocyclitis
- Intermediate: pars planitis
- Posterior: choroiditis, retinitis, chorioretinitis
- Panuveitis
Differential Diagnosis
Infectious causes
- Anterior uveitis (10% infectious)
- Herpes simplex virus (by far the most common infectious cause)
- Varicella-zoster virus
- Syphilis
- Tuberculosis
- Lyme disease
- Leprosy
- Intermediate uveitis (rarely infectious)
- Posterior uveitis (50% infectious)
- Toxoplasmosis
- Acute retinal necrosis from HSV, VZV, and CMV
- CMV retinitis, in immunocompromised patients
- Toxocara
- Syphilis
- Cat-scratch disease
- Candida endophthalmitis
- West Nile virus, causing a multifocal chorioretinitis
- Panuveitis
- Syphilis
- Tuberculosis
- Candida endophthalmitis
- Leptospirosis, without retinal or choroidal lesions
- Other
- Brucella, causing a chronic relapsing uveitis that is typically posterior but can be anterior or panuveitis1
- Chikungunya
- Ebola virus
- Zika virus
Clinical Manifestations
- Anterior: painful red eye and vision loss
- Intermediate: vision loss with floaters, usually painless (and rarely infectious)
- Posterior: painless vision loss
References
- ^ Isaias Rolando, Liset Olarte, Gustavo Vilchez, Marina Lluncor, Larissa Otero, Mark Paris, Carlos Carrillo, Eduardo Gotuzzo. Ocular Manifestations Associated with Brucellosis: A 26‐Year Experience in Peru. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2008;46(9):1338-1345. doi:10.1086/529442.
