Tissue penetration of antimicrobials: Difference between revisions

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!CNS
  
!CNS
 
!Urine
  
!Urine
  +
!Prostate
 
!Necrotic
  
!Necrotic
 
|-
  
|-
−
! colspan="6" |Antibiotics
 +
! colspan="7" |Antibiotics: β-Lactams
 
|-
  
|-
 
| rowspan="2" |Penicillins
  
| rowspan="2" |Penicillins
 
|β-lactamase inhibitors
  
|β-lactamase inhibitors
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
 +
|–
  ⚫
|
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 18: Line 20:
 
|[[ampicillin]]
  
|[[ampicillin]]
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
 +
| +
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
 +
|
  +
|–
 
|-
  
|-
 
| rowspan="4" |Cephalosporins
  
| rowspan="4" |Cephalosporins
 
|first-generation cephalosporins
  
|first-generation cephalosporins
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
 +
|–
  +
|
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
 +
|–
 
|-
  
|-
 
|second-generation cephalosporins
  
|second-generation cephalosporins
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
 +
|–
  +
|
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
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|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
 +
|
  +
| +
 
|-
  
|-
 
|[[ceftazidime]]
  
|[[ceftazidime]]
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
 +
| +
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
 +
|
  +
| +
 
|-
  
|-
 
| rowspan="2" |Cephamycins
  
| rowspan="2" |Cephamycins
 
|[[cephamycins]]
  
|[[cephamycins]]
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
 +
|–
  +
|
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
Line 58: Line 66:
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
 +
|
  +
|–
 
|-
  
|-
 
|Carbapenems
  
|Carbapenems
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|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
 +
|
  +
| +
  +
|-
  +
! colspan="7" |Antibiotics: Non-β-Lactams
 
|-
  
|-
 
|Aminoglycosides
  
|Aminoglycosides
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|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
 +
|
  +
|–
  +
|-
  ⚫
|Chloramphenicol
  +
|[[chloramphenicol]]
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
| +
 
|-
  
|-
 
|Fluoroquinolones
  
|Fluoroquinolones
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
|NO?
 +
|–?
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
 +
| +
  +
| +
 
|-
  
|-
 
|Lincosamides
  
|Lincosamides
 
|[[clindamycin]]
  
|[[clindamycin]]
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
 +
|–
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
 +
|
  +
| +
 
|-
  
|-
 
|Macrolides
  
|Macrolides
  +
|[[macrolides]]
 
|
  
|
  +
|–
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
 +
| +
⚫
|
  
 
|
  
|
  +
|-
  +
|Nitrofurans
  +
|[[nitrofurantoin]]
  +
|–
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
|–
 
|-
  
|-
 
|Nitroimidazoles
  
|Nitroimidazoles
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|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
 +
|
  +
| +
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Rifamycins
⚫
| rowspan="2" |Tetracyclines
  
−
|[[tetracyclines]]
 +
|[[rifampin]]
 
|
  
|
−
|NO
  
 
|
  
|
  +
|
  +
| +
 
|
  
|
 
|-
  
|-
  +
|Sulfonamides
⚫
|[[doxycycline]]
  
  +
|[[sulfamethoxazole]]
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
 +
|–
  +
|
 
|-
  
|-
  ⚫
| rowspan="2" |Tetracyclines
⚫
|Chloramphenicol
  
−
|[[chloramphenicol]]
 +
|[[tetracyclines]]
 
|
  
|
  +
|–
 
|
  
|
  +
| +
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
  
 
|-
  
|-
  ⚫
|[[doxycycline]]
⚫
! colspan="6" |Antifungals
  
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
|
  +
| +
  +
|-
  ⚫
! colspan="7" |Antifungals
 
|-
  
|-
 
|Azoles
  
|Azoles
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|
  
|
 
|
  
|
−
|YES
 +
|
  +
| +
 
|}
  
|}
 
[[Category:Antimicrobials]]
  
[[Category:Antimicrobials]]

Revision as of 12:16, 24 August 2020

Class Antimicrobial Blood CNS Urine Prostate Necrotic
Antibiotics: β-Lactams
Penicillins β-lactamase inhibitors –
ampicillin + –
Cephalosporins first-generation cephalosporins – –
second-generation cephalosporins –
cefepime +
ceftazidime + +
Cephamycins cephamycins –
cefoxitin –
Carbapenems imipenem +
Antibiotics: Non-β-Lactams
Aminoglycosides –
Chloramphenicol chloramphenicol +
Fluoroquinolones –? + +
Lincosamides clindamycin – +
Macrolides macrolides – +
Nitrofurans nitrofurantoin – – + – –
Nitroimidazoles metronidazole +
Rifamycins rifampin +
Sulfonamides sulfamethoxazole –
Tetracyclines tetracyclines – +
doxycycline +
Antifungals
Azoles fluconazole +

References

  1. ^  Cornelia B. Landersdorfer, Jürgen B. Bulitta, Martina Kinzig, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Fritz Sörgel. Penetration of Antibacterials into Bone. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 2009;48(2):89-124. doi:10.2165/00003088-200948020-00002.
  2. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r  L. Brockhaus, D. Goldblum, L. Eggenschwiler, S. Zimmerli, C. Marzolini. Revisiting systemic treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis: a review of intravitreal penetration of systemic antibiotics. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2019;25(11):1364-1369. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2019.01.017.
  3. a b  Takashi Suzuki, Toshihiko Uno, Guangming Chen, Yuichi Ohashi. Ocular distribution of intravenously administered micafungin in rabbits. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy. 2008;14(3):204-207. doi:10.1007/s10156-008-0612-5.
  4. a b c d e f g h  T. Felton, P. F. Troke, W. W. Hope. Tissue Penetration of Antifungal Agents. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2014;27(1):68-88. doi:10.1128/cmr.00046-13.
  5. ^  Tony H. Huynh, Mark W. Johnson, Grant M. Comer, Douglas N. Fish. Vitreous Penetration of Orally Administered Valacyclovir. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 2008;145(4):682-686. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2007.11.016.
  6. ^  Luis F. López-Cortés, R. Ruiz-Valderas, M. J. Lucero-Muñoz, E. Cordero, M. T. Pastor-Ramos, J. Marquez. Intravitreal, Retinal, and Central Nervous System Foscarnet Concentrations after Rapid Intravenous Administration to Rabbits. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2000;44(3):756-759. doi:10.1128/aac.44.3.756-759.2000.

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