Infectious causes of dementia: Difference between revisions
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== Differential Diagnosis == |
== Differential Diagnosis == |
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| − | * Bacterial |
+ | * '''Bacterial''' |
** [[Syphilis]], usually as general paralysis with emotional incontinence, irritability, grandiosity, euphoria, poor insight, apathy, delusions, and cognitive impairment |
** [[Syphilis]], usually as general paralysis with emotional incontinence, irritability, grandiosity, euphoria, poor insight, apathy, delusions, and cognitive impairment |
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** [[Lyme disease|Lyme meningoencephalomyelitis]], with impaired executive function and reduced attention |
** [[Lyme disease|Lyme meningoencephalomyelitis]], with impaired executive function and reduced attention |
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** Sequela of [[bacterial meningitis]] |
** Sequela of [[bacterial meningitis]] |
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** [[Whipple disease]] |
** [[Whipple disease]] |
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| − | * Viral |
+ | * '''Viral''' |
** Viral encephalitis (usually reversible) |
** Viral encephalitis (usually reversible) |
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*** [[Herpesviruses]], including HSV-1, HSV-2, EBV, HHV-6, HHV-7 (and CMV and VZV, in immunocompromised people) |
*** [[Herpesviruses]], including HSV-1, HSV-2, EBV, HHV-6, HHV-7 (and CMV and VZV, in immunocompromised people) |
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*** [[Enteroviruses]] |
*** [[Enteroviruses]] |
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** [[HIV]]-associated dementia: motor slowing, depressed mood, impaired recall but not recognition, poor visuospatial skills, and impaired executive function |
** [[HIV]]-associated dementia: motor slowing, depressed mood, impaired recall but not recognition, poor visuospatial skills, and impaired executive function |
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| − | *** Also, HIV-associated opportunistic infections including toxoplasmosis, cryptococcus, and CMV |
+ | *** Also, HIV-associated opportunistic infections including [[toxoplasmosis]], [[cryptococcus]], and [[CMV]] |
** [[Hepatitis C virus]] |
** [[Hepatitis C virus]] |
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** [[Measles]] (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE) |
** [[Measles]] (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE) |
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| − | * Fungal |
+ | * '''Fungal''' |
** [[Cryptococcus]] |
** [[Cryptococcus]] |
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| − | * Parasitic |
+ | * '''Parasitic''' |
** [[Neurocysticercosis]] (rarely) |
** [[Neurocysticercosis]] (rarely) |
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| − | * Prion |
+ | * '''Prion''' |
** [[Creutzfeld-Jakob disease]] |
** [[Creutzfeld-Jakob disease]] |
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Revision as of 11:22, 17 August 2019
Differential Diagnosis
- Bacterial
- Syphilis, usually as general paralysis with emotional incontinence, irritability, grandiosity, euphoria, poor insight, apathy, delusions, and cognitive impairment
- Lyme meningoencephalomyelitis, with impaired executive function and reduced attention
- Sequela of bacterial meningitis
- Whipple disease
- Viral
- Viral encephalitis (usually reversible)
- Herpesviruses, including HSV-1, HSV-2, EBV, HHV-6, HHV-7 (and CMV and VZV, in immunocompromised people)
- Arboviruses
- Enteroviruses
- HIV-associated dementia: motor slowing, depressed mood, impaired recall but not recognition, poor visuospatial skills, and impaired executive function
- Also, HIV-associated opportunistic infections including toxoplasmosis, cryptococcus, and CMV
- Hepatitis C virus
- Measles (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE)
- Viral encephalitis (usually reversible)
- Fungal
- Parasitic
- Neurocysticercosis (rarely)
- Prion
