Infectious causes of dementia: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 11:21, 17 August 2019

Differential Diagnosis

Bacterial
- Syphilis, usually as general paralysis with emotional incontinence, irritability, grandiosity, euphoria, poor insight, apathy, delusions, and cognitive impairment
- Lyme meningoencephalomyelitis, with impaired executive function and reduced attention
- Sequela of bacterial meningitis
- Whipple disease
Viral
- Viral encephalitis (usually reversible)
  - Herpesviruses, including HSV-1, HSV-2, EBV, HHV-6, HHV-7 (and CMV and VZV, in immunocompromised people)
  - Arboviruses
  - Enteroviruses
- HIV-associated dementia: motor slowing, depressed mood, impaired recall but not recognition, poor visuospatial skills, and impaired executive function
  - Also, HIV-associated opportunistic infections including toxoplasmosis, cryptococcus, and CMV
- Hepatitis C virus
- Measles (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE)
Fungal
- Cryptococcus
Parasitic
- Neurocysticercosis (rarely)
Prion
- Creutzfeld-Jakob disease

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-= Differential Diagnosis =
+== Differential Diagnosis ==
 * Bacterial
-** Syphilis, usually as general paralysis with emotional incontinence, irritability, grandiosity, euphoria, poor insight, apathy, delusions, and cognitive impairment
+** [[Syphilis]], usually as general paralysis with emotional incontinence, irritability, grandiosity, euphoria, poor insight, apathy, delusions, and cognitive impairment
-** Lyme meningoencephalomyelitis, with impaired executive function and reduced attention
+** [[Lyme disease|Lyme meningoencephalomyelitis]], with impaired executive function and reduced attention
-** Sequela of bacterial meningitis
+** Sequela of [[bacterial meningitis]]
-** Whipple disease
+** [[Whipple disease]]
 * Viral
 ** Viral encephalitis (usually reversible)
-*** Herpesviruses, including HSV-1, HSV-2, EBV, HHV-6, HHV-7 (and CMV and VZV, in immunocompromised people)
+*** [[Herpesviruses]], including HSV-1, HSV-2, EBV, HHV-6, HHV-7 (and CMV and VZV, in immunocompromised people)
-*** Arboviruses
+*** [[Arboviruses]]
-*** Enteroviruses
+*** [[Enteroviruses]]
-** HIV-associated dementia: motor slowing, depressed mood, impaired recall but not recognition, poor visuospatial skills, and impaired executive function
+** [[HIV]]-associated dementia: motor slowing, depressed mood, impaired recall but not recognition, poor visuospatial skills, and impaired executive function
 *** Also, HIV-associated opportunistic infections including toxoplasmosis, cryptococcus, and CMV
-** Hepatitis C virus
+** [[Hepatitis C virus]]
-** Measles (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE)
+** [[Measles]] (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE)
 * Fungal
-** Cryptococcus
+** [[Cryptococcus]]
 * Parasitic
-** Neurocysticercosis (rarely)
+** [[Neurocysticercosis]] (rarely)
 * Prion
-** Creutzfeld-Jakob disease
+** [[Creutzfeld-Jakob disease]]
 [[Category:CNS infections]]