Lymphadenopathy in children

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Differential Diagnosis

Localized Generalized
Infectious
Bacterial Staphylococcus aureus, Group A Streptococcus, anaerobes (periodontal), cat-scratch disease, tularemia, bubonic plague, diphtheria, chancroid brucellosis, leptospirosis, lymphogranuloma venerum, typhoid fever
Viral EBV, CMV, HSV, HIV, HBV, mumps, measles, rubella, dengue
Mycobacterial tuberculosis, non-tuberculous mycobacterium
Fungal coccidioycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis
Protozoal toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis
Spirochetal Lyme disease, syphilis
Non-infectious
Malignancy leukemia, lymphoma, solid tumour metastases
Immunologic angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia, autoimmune lymphoproliferative disease, chronic granulomatous disease, dermatomyositis, drug reaction, rheumatoid arthritis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, serum sickness, systemic lupus erythematosus
Endocrine Addison disease, hypothyroidism
Miscellaneous amyloidosis, Castleman disease, Churg-Strauss syndrome, inflammatory pseuotumour, Kawasaki disease, Kikuchi disease, lipid storage diseases, sarcoidisis