Cavitary lung disease

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Differential Diagnosis

Infection
- Bacterial (lung abscess)
  - Anaerobes or mixed
  - Staphylococcus aureus
  - Klebsiella pneumoniae
  - Enterobacteriaceae
  - Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  - Legionella, Haemophilus influenzae type B
  - Nocardia
  - Actinomyces
  - Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis)
- Mycobacterial
  - Tuberculosis
  - Non-tuberculous mycobacteria
    - Mycobacterium avium complex
    - Mycobacterium kansasii
- Fungal
- Parasitic
  - Entamoeba histolytica
  - Paragonimus westermani
  - Echinococcus and Pneumocystis (cysts)
- Post-pneumonia pneumatocele
- Septic pulmonary embolism
- Lemierre syndrome
Malignancy
- Primary bronchogenic carcinoma, especially squamous cell
- Cavitating lung metastasis
Inflammatory disease
Vascular
- Pulmonary infarction
Trauma
- Traumatic pneumatocele
- Foreign body aspiration
Congenital

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