Cardiovascular implantable electronic device infection

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Investigations

  • Blood cultures
  • Transesophageal echocardiogram
  • Pacemaker pocket swab at time of removal

Further Reading

  • 2017 HRS expert consensus statement on cardiovascular implantable electronic device lead management and extraction. Heart Rhythm. 2017;14(12):e503-e551. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.09.001

References

  1. ^  Muhammad R. Sohail, Daniel Z. Uslan, Akbar H. Khan, Paul A. Friedman, David L. Hayes, Walter R. Wilson, James M. Steckelberg, Sarah Stoner, Larry M. Baddour. Management and Outcome of Permanent Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Infections. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2007;49(18):1851-1859. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.01.072.