Schistosoma species
From IDWiki
- Infection with a species of the genus Schistosoma
Species
- Schistosoma mansoni: liver and gut
- Schistosoma haematobium: GU/pelvis
- Schistosoma japonicum: liver and gut
- Schistosoma mekongi: Mekong basin
Risk Factors
- Fresh water exposure in endemic countries
Clinical Manifestations
Investigations
- Labs
- CBC, showing eosinophilia
- Schisto serology (only positive 6 weeks after infection)
- Egg detection in stool, urine, semen, or tissue biopsy
- Imaging
- Eggs can cause granulomatous disease in various organs
- Bladder polyps and obstruction may be seen on ultrasound
Management
- Acute
- Praziquantel 40mg/kg given over one day split into 3 doses
- Chronic
- Praziquantel 20-40 mg/kg or 40-60 mg/kg (if at risk for S. japonica)
- Given over one day split into 3 doses, then repeated 6 weeks later
Prognosis
- Increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma, which increase with young age at infection, duration of infection, high burden of infection, and bladder wall fibrosis
