Tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors

Contraindications

• Active bacterial infection, active tuberculosis or untreated LTBI, active herpes zoster infection, active invasive fungal infection, infected skin ulcers, acute hepatitis B or C, untreated chronic hepatitis B, or chronic hepatitis B or C with Child-Pugh B or C

Infections

• Bacteria: septic arthritis, Listeria monocytogenes, Legionella, Nocardia, Actinomyces, Salmonella
• Mycobacteria: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium bovis, BCG
• Fungi: Aspergillus fumigatus, Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans
• Parasites: Toxoplasma gondii
• Viruses: hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, varicella-zoster virus
• Screening prior to use should be done for LTBI (TST or IGRA), hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV