Enterococcus: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:16, 8 October 2020

Genus of facultative anaerobic, non-spore-forming, alpha- or gamma-hemolytic, catalase negative, Gram-positive cocci
Grows on bile esculin agar
PYR positive
Most are Lancefield group D
Commensal gut flora
Increasing antibiotic resistance

E. faecalis
- More common (90-95%)
- More commonly genitourinary source
- More susceptible to antibiotics
E. faecium
- Less common (5-10%)
- More commonly gastrointestinal source
- Less susceptible to antibiotics
- Most common VRE
E. gallinarum
E. casseliflavus

Vancomycin binds to d-Ala-d-Ala pentapeptids, interfering with cell wall synthesis
VanA: most common. Mutation to d-Ala-d-Lac, leading to high resistance to glycopeptides.
VanB: more common in E. faecium in Australia
VanC: chromosomal resistance on E. gallinarum and E. casseliflavus

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 ===Microbiology===
-*Genus of facultative anaerobic, non-spore-forming, [[Hemolysis pattern::α-hemolytic|alpha-]] or [[Hemolysis pattern::γ-hemolytic|gamma-hemolytic]], catalase [[Catalase::negative]], [[Stain::Gram-positive]] [[Cellular shape::coccus|cocci]]
+*Genus of facultative anaerobic, non-spore-forming, [[Hemolysis pattern::α-hemolytic|alpha-]] or [[Hemolysis pattern::γ-hemolytic|gamma-hemolytic]], catalase [[Catalase::negative]], [[Stain::Gram-positive]] [[Shape::coccus|cocci]]
 *Grows on bile esculin agar
 *[[PYR test|PYR]] positive