Dimorphic fungi: Difference between revisions
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=== Histoplasmosis === |
=== Histoplasmosis === |
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[[File:Histoplasmosis_map.png|frame|Histoplasmosis]] |
[[File:Histoplasmosis_map.png|frame|Histoplasmosis]] |
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=== Coccidiomycosis === |
=== Coccidiomycosis === |
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[[File:Coccidiomycosis_map.png|frame|Coccidiomycosis]] |
[[File:Coccidiomycosis_map.png|frame|Coccidiomycosis]] |
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=== Blastomycosis === |
=== Blastomycosis === |
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[[File:Blastomycosis_map.png|frame|Blastomycosis]] |
[[File:Blastomycosis_map.png|frame|Blastomycosis]] |
Revision as of 13:27, 14 September 2020
- Fungi that exist in a mold form at lower temperatures in the environment, and a yeast form at higher temperatures in the host body
- Cryptococcus does exhibit dimorphism, though it is predominately yeast and its dimorphism is not likely related to disease
Organism | Distribution | Diseases | Treatment |
---|---|---|---|
Blastomyces species | eastern US and Canada, with some reported in Africa | pulmonary infection, verrucous skin lesions, osteomyelitis, CNS infection | itraconazole (with amphotericin B induction if severe) |
Coccidioides species | southwestern US and parts of South and Central America | pulmonary infection, verrucous skin lesions, osteomyelitis, CNS infection | fluconazole (with amphotericin B and flucytosine induction if severe) |
Histoplasma capsulatum | worldwide, including eastern North America, Central and South America, sub-Saharan Africa, and parts of Southeast Asia | pulmonary infection, CNS infection | itraconazole (with amphotericin B induction if severe) |
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis | South America | pulmonary infection | itraconazole (with amphotericin B induction if severe) |
Sporothrix schenckii | essentially worldwide | nodular lymphangitis | itraconazole |
Talaromyces marneffei | Southeast Asia | disseminated (common in advanced HIV), pulmonary infection, abdominal abscess, skin lesions, osteomyelitis | amphotericin B induction followed by itraconazole |
Distribution
- Endemic dimorphic fungi are widely distributed1
Histoplasmosis
Coccidiomycosis
Blastomycosis
References
- ^ Ashraf N, Kubat RC, Poplin V, Adenis AA, Denning DW, Wright L, McCotter O, Schwartz IS, Jackson BR, Chiller T, Bahr NC. Re-drawing the Maps for Endemic Mycoses.. Mycopathologia. 2020. doi:10.1007/s11046-020-00431-2. PMID 32040709.