Zika virus: Difference between revisions
From IDWiki
m (Text replacement - "== Presentation" to "== Clinical Manifestations") |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
== |
== Background == |
||
* Single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus in the [[Flaviviridae]] family, genus [[Flavivirus]] |
|||
* History |
|||
* Discovered in 1947 in Zika Forest, Uganda |
|||
** Fevers |
|||
* Vector-borne infection carried primarily by [[Vector::Aedes aegypti]] mosquitoes, but possibly also [[Vector::Aedes albopictus]] mosquitoes |
|||
** Rash |
|||
* Sexual transmission appears to be possible |
|||
** Arthralgias |
|||
* Now essentially endemic in tropics worldwide |
|||
* Signs & Symptoms |
|||
==Clinical Manifestations== |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
*75% are asymptomatic |
|||
* Labs |
|||
*Incubation period of [[Usual incubation period::3 to 14 days]] |
|||
** Serum rRT-PCR |
|||
*[[Causes::Fever]], [[Causes::rash]], [[Causes::arthralgias]], [[Causes::conjunctivitis]], and [[Causes::headache]] |
|||
*Usually self-limited, lasting around 5 days |
|||
*Can have neurological disease in some cases, primarily presenting as [[Causes::Guillain-Barré syndrome]] |
|||
*With maternal infection, causes a congenital syndrome of CNS abnormalities including [[Causes::microcephaly]], intracranial calcifications, lissencephaly, pachygyria, and vision and hearing loss |
|||
== Differential Diagnosis == |
|||
* [[Dengue]] |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
*Serum rRT-PCR, ideally done within 10 days of symptoms onset |
|||
*Serology can be tested after 10 days of symptoms, but is non-specific |
|||
== Management == |
|||
* Supportive |
|||
* For risk of congenital disease |
|||
** If asymptomatic, no need to delay attempts at conception |
|||
** If symptomatic and diagnosis is confirmed, counsel to delay attempts at conception for 2 months (women) or 3 months (men) after return from the endemic area |
|||
** If symptomatic and diagnosis is not confirmed, then discuss with the patient |
|||
** If the woman is pregnant and man has compatible symptoms, should abstain from unprotected sex for the duration of pregnancy |
|||
[[Category:Flaviviridae]] |
[[Category:Flaviviridae]] |
||
Revision as of 15:04, 19 August 2020
Background
- Single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus in the Flaviviridae family, genus Flavivirus
- Discovered in 1947 in Zika Forest, Uganda
- Vector-borne infection carried primarily by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, but possibly also Aedes albopictus mosquitoes
- Sexual transmission appears to be possible
- Now essentially endemic in tropics worldwide
Clinical Manifestations
- 75% are asymptomatic
- Incubation period of 3 to 14 days
- Fever, rash, arthralgias, conjunctivitis, and headache
- Usually self-limited, lasting around 5 days
- Can have neurological disease in some cases, primarily presenting as Guillain-Barré syndrome
- With maternal infection, causes a congenital syndrome of CNS abnormalities including microcephaly, intracranial calcifications, lissencephaly, pachygyria, and vision and hearing loss
Differential Diagnosis
Investigations
- Serum rRT-PCR, ideally done within 10 days of symptoms onset
- Serology can be tested after 10 days of symptoms, but is non-specific
Management
- Supportive
- For risk of congenital disease
- If asymptomatic, no need to delay attempts at conception
- If symptomatic and diagnosis is confirmed, counsel to delay attempts at conception for 2 months (women) or 3 months (men) after return from the endemic area
- If symptomatic and diagnosis is not confirmed, then discuss with the patient
- If the woman is pregnant and man has compatible symptoms, should abstain from unprotected sex for the duration of pregnancy
