Brain abscess: Difference between revisions
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== Microbiology == |
== Microbiology == |
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| + | * Direct spread |
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| − | * '''Nose/sinuses:''' ''[[Streptococcus]]'' spp (especially ''S. milleri''), ''[[Haemophilus]]'' spp, ''[[Bacteroides]]'' spp, ''[[Fusobacterium]]'' spp |
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| − | * ''' |
+ | ** '''Nose/sinuses:''' [[Streptococcus species]] (especially ''[[S. milleri]]''), [[Haemophilus species]], [[Bacteroides species]], [[Fusobacterium species]] |
| − | * ''' |
+ | ** '''Teeth:''' [[Streptococcus species]], [[Bacteroides species]], [[Prevotella species]], [[Fusobacterium species]], [[Haemophilus species]] |
| − | * ''' |
+ | ** '''Ears:''' [[Enterobacteriaceae]], [[Streptococcus species]], [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]], [[Bacteroides species]] |
| − | * ''' |
+ | ** '''Penetrating head trauma:''' [[Staphylococcus aureus]], [[Enterobacter species]], [[Clostridium species]] |
| − | * ''' |
+ | ** '''Neurosurgery:''' [[Staphylococcus species]], [[Streptococcus species]], [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]], [[Enterobacter species]] |
| + | * Hematogenous spread |
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| − | * '''Neurosurgery:''' ''[[Staphylococcus]]'' spp, ''[[Streptococcus]]'' spp, ''[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]'', ''[[Enterobacter]]'' spp |
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| + | ** '''Lungs:''' [[Streptococcus species]], [[Fusobacterium species]], [[Actinomyces species]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | ** '''Urinary tract:''' [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]], [[Enterobacter species]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| + | * Immunocompromised patient |
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| + | ** '''HIV:''' [[Toxoplasma gondii]], [[Nocardia species]], [[non-tuberculous mycobacteria]], [[Listeria monocytogenes]], [[Cryptococcus neoformans]] |
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| + | ** '''Neutropenia:''' Gram-negative bacilli, [[Aspergillus species]], [[mucormycosis]], [[Candida species]], [[Scedosporium species]] |
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| + | ** '''Transplantation:''' [[Aspergillus species]], [[Candida species]], [[mucormycosis]], [[Scedosporium species]], [[Enterobacteriaceae]], [[Nocardia species]], [[Toxoplasma gondii]], and [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] |
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* Plus '''[[anaerobes]]''', which are common |
* Plus '''[[anaerobes]]''', which are common |
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Revision as of 08:12, 2 December 2019
Microbiology
- Direct spread
- Nose/sinuses: Streptococcus species (especially S. milleri), Haemophilus species, Bacteroides species, Fusobacterium species
- Teeth: Streptococcus species, Bacteroides species, Prevotella species, Fusobacterium species, Haemophilus species
- Ears: Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacteroides species
- Penetrating head trauma: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter species, Clostridium species
- Neurosurgery: Staphylococcus species, Streptococcus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter species
- Hematogenous spread
- Lungs: Streptococcus species, Fusobacterium species, Actinomyces species
- Urinary tract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter species
- Endocarditis: Viridans group Streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus
- Congenital cardiac malformations (especially right-to-left shunts): Streptococcus species
- Immunocompromised patient
- HIV: Toxoplasma gondii, Nocardia species, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, Listeria monocytogenes, Cryptococcus neoformans
- Neutropenia: Gram-negative bacilli, Aspergillus species, mucormycosis, Candida species, Scedosporium species
- Transplantation: Aspergillus species, Candida species, mucormycosis, Scedosporium species, Enterobacteriaceae, Nocardia species, Toxoplasma gondii, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Plus anaerobes, which are common
Further Reading
- Brain Abscesses. NEJM. 2015;371:447-456. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1301635]
