Ventricular shunt infection: Difference between revisions
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==Background== |
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===Microbiology=== |
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*[[Enterobacteriaceae]] |
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*[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]] |
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*[[Staphylococcus aureus]] |
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*[[Coagulase-negative staphylococci]] |
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*[[Candida]] |
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===Pathophysiology=== |
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*Four mechanisms of infection: |
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**Colonization at time of surgery progressing to infection |
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**Retrograde infection from distal end (for ventriculoperitoneal shunts) |
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**Transcutaneous (erosion or manipulation) |
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**Hematogenous spread (especially for ventriculoatrial shunts) |
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==Clinical Manifestations== |
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*Headache, nausea, lethargy, and altered mental status |
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*May have erythema and tenderness over the tubing |
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*May have abdominal pain if peritoneal source for VP shunt |
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*Can present with isolated fever |
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== Further Reading == |
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* 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America's Clinical Practice Guidelines for Healthcare-Associated Ventriculitis and Meningitis. ''Clin Infect Dis''. 2017;64(6):e34-e65. doi: [https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw861 10.1093/cid/ciw861] |
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[[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
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Latest revision as of 23:16, 12 March 2022
Background
Microbiology
- Enterobacteriaceae
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Coagulase-negative staphylococci
- Candida
Pathophysiology
- Four mechanisms of infection:
- Colonization at time of surgery progressing to infection
- Retrograde infection from distal end (for ventriculoperitoneal shunts)
- Transcutaneous (erosion or manipulation)
- Hematogenous spread (especially for ventriculoatrial shunts)
Clinical Manifestations
- Headache, nausea, lethargy, and altered mental status
- May have erythema and tenderness over the tubing
- May have abdominal pain if peritoneal source for VP shunt
- Can present with isolated fever
Further Reading
- 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America's Clinical Practice Guidelines for Healthcare-Associated Ventriculitis and Meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;64(6):e34-e65. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw861
