Visceral larva migrans: Difference between revisions
From IDWiki
(added management and prevention) |
(→) |
||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
|[[Baylisascaris procyonis]] |
|[[Baylisascaris procyonis]] |
||
|raccoons |
|raccoons |
||
|causes neural larva migrans |
|||
| |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
*Very rarely, ocular involvement |
*Very rarely, ocular involvement |
||
== |
==Different Diagnosis== |
||
* |
*Other parasites |
||
** |
**[[Baylisascaris procyonis]] |
||
** |
**[[Schistosomiasis|Acute schistosomiasis]] |
||
** |
**[[Fasciola hepatica]], [[Clonorchis sinensis]], and [[Opisthorchis viverrini]] |
||
** |
**[[Ascaris lumbricoides]] liver abscess |
||
** |
**[[Echinococcus]] |
||
** |
**[[Capillaria hepatica]] |
||
* |
*Other diseases |
||
== |
==Diagnosis== |
||
* |
*Mostly clinical ± serology |
||
* |
*May be able to see larvae on tissue histopathology |
||
== |
==Management== |
||
* |
*For mild or moderate disease, clinical monitoring is all that is needed as it self-resolves in most cases |
||
* |
*For severe or life-threatening disease, can try treating with [[Is treated by::albendazole]], [[Is treated by::mebendazole]], [[Is treated by::diethylcarbamazine]] |
||
** |
**Adjunctive corticosteroids are used due to intense inflammatory reaction to dying parasites |
||
== |
==Prevention== |
||
* |
*Do not eat dog, cat, or raccoon poop |
||
* |
*Keep sandboxes closed when not in use, and keep pets away from them |
||
* |
*Test and treat dogs regularly |
||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
||
Latest revision as of 17:55, 20 August 2020
Background
| Organism | Host | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Toxocara canis | canines | most common cause in humans |
| Toxocara cati | felines | |
| Baylisascaris procyonis | raccoons | causes neural larva migrans |
- Humans are dead-end hosts
Clinical Manifestations
- Most frequently in young children (who are effective at getting dirt into their mouths)
- Mean age 2 to 4 years
- Most infection is asymptomatic
- Severe symptoms eosinophilia, fever, and hepatomegaly
- Other common symptoms include cough, wheezing
- Rarely, urticaria and nodules
- Very rarely, ocular involvement
Different Diagnosis
- Other parasites
- Other diseases
Diagnosis
- Mostly clinical ± serology
- May be able to see larvae on tissue histopathology
Management
- For mild or moderate disease, clinical monitoring is all that is needed as it self-resolves in most cases
- For severe or life-threatening disease, can try treating with albendazole, mebendazole, diethylcarbamazine
- Adjunctive corticosteroids are used due to intense inflammatory reaction to dying parasites
Prevention
- Do not eat dog, cat, or raccoon poop
- Keep sandboxes closed when not in use, and keep pets away from them
- Test and treat dogs regularly
