Campylobacter jejuni: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 15:52, 10 January 2021

Background

Microbiology

Curved Gram-negative bacillus
Grows best at 42ºC (body temperature of birds)
Exhibits darting motility

Epidemiology

Major host is birds, including poultry

Clinical Manifestations

Causes infectious diarrhea, including dysentery

Diagnosis

Stool culture or PCR

Management

Supportive care for the diarrhea
Antibiotic choice depends on where the infection was acquired
- Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO bid for 3 days is useful where there are relatively low rates of resistance (North American and Europe)
  - Or other fluoroquinolone for 3 days
- Azithromycin 500 mg PO daily for 3 days is useful where there are higher rates of resistance (especially South and Southeast Asia)
- An alternative is rifaximin 200 mg PO tid for 3 days, but should be avoided in patients who have dysentery or fever
Resistant to most first- through third-generation cephalosporins, but still susceptible to carbapenems

Prognosis

Usually a self-limited illness whose duration is shortened by antibiotics
Can subsequently develop post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome
Most common cause of Guillain-Barré syndrome

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+==Background==
-* Curved [[Has Gram stain::Gram-negative]] [[Has shape::bacillus]]
+===Microbiology===
-* Grows best at 42ºC (body temperature of birds)
-* Exhibts darting motility
+*Curved [[Stain::Gram-negative]] [[Shape::bacillus]]
-* Major host is birds
+*Grows best at 42ºC (body temperature of birds)
-* Cause of infectious diarrhea, including [[dysentery]]
+*Exhibits darting motility
+===Epidemiology===
+*Major host is birds, including poultry
+==Clinical Manifestations==
+*Causes infectious diarrhea, including [[Causes::dysentery]]
+==Diagnosis==
+*Stool culture or PCR
+==Management==
+*Supportive care for the diarrhea
+*Antibiotic choice depends on where the infection was acquired
+**[[Is treated by::Ciprofloxacin]] 500 mg PO bid for 3 days is useful where there are relatively low rates of resistance (North American and Europe)
+***Or other fluoroquinolone for 3 days
+**[[Is treated by::Azithromycin]] 500 mg PO daily for 3 days is useful where there are higher rates of resistance (especially South and Southeast Asia)
+**An alternative is [[Is treated by::rifaximin]] 200 mg PO tid for 3 days, but should be avoided in patients who have [[dysentery]] or [[fever]]
+*Resistant to most first- through third-generation [[cephalosporins]], but still susceptible to [[carbapenems]]
+==Prognosis==
+*Usually a self-limited illness whose duration is shortened by antibiotics
+*Can subsequently develop [[Causes::post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome]]
+*Most common cause of [[Causes::Guillain-Barré syndrome]]
 {{DISPLAYTITLE:''Campylobacter jejuni''}}