Rickettsia: Difference between revisions
From IDWiki
Rickettsia
m (Aidan moved page Rickettsia to Rickettsia species) |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| − | |||
* A genus of obligate mostly-tick-borne intracellular Gram-negative bacteria |
* A genus of obligate mostly-tick-borne intracellular Gram-negative bacteria |
||
| − | + | = Typhus Group = |
|
| − | * ''R. prowazekii'': causes |
+ | * ''[[R. prowazekii]]'': causes epidemic typhus, transmitted by the body louse |
| − | * ''R. typhi'': causes |
+ | * ''[[R. typhi]]'': causes murine/endemic typhus, transmitted by rat/cat fleas |
| − | + | = Spotted Fever Group = |
|
| − | * ''R. rickettsii'': causes |
+ | * ''[[R. rickettsii]]'': causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) |
| − | * ''R. parkeri'': carried by ''A. maculatum'' in the southern US and ''A. triste'' in Uruguay, Brazil, and Argentina |
+ | * ''[[R. parkeri]]'': carried by ''A. maculatum'' in the southern US and ''A. triste'' in Uruguay, Brazil, and Argentina |
| − | * ''R. conorii'': causes |
+ | * ''[[R. conorii]]'': causes boutonneuse fever |
| − | * ''R. japonica'': causes oriental spotter fever |
+ | * ''[[R. japonica]]'': causes oriental spotter fever |
| − | * ''R. heilongiangensis'': causes Far Eastern spotted fever in eastern Russia, Thailand, and China |
+ | * ''[[R. heilongiangensis]]'': causes Far Eastern spotted fever in eastern Russia, Thailand, and China |
| − | * ''R. africae'': causes |
+ | * ''[[R. africae]]'': causes African tick bite fever |
| − | * ''R. slovaca'': causes tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) |
+ | * ''[[R. slovaca]]'': causes tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) |
** Transmitted by ''Dermacentor marginatus'' ticks |
** Transmitted by ''Dermacentor marginatus'' ticks |
||
| − | + | == Transitional Group == |
|
| − | * ''R. akari'': causes |
+ | * ''[[R. akari]]'': causes rickettsialpox, transmitted by the house mouse mite, ''Liponyssoides sanguineus'' |
| − | * ''R. australis'': causes North Queensland tick typhus |
+ | * ''[[R. australis]]'': causes North Queensland tick typhus |
| − | * ''R. felis'': causes flea-borne spotted fever |
+ | * ''[[R. felis]]'': causes flea-borne spotted fever |
** Cats are host to the flea vector ''Ctenocephalides felis'', which has worldwide distribution |
** Cats are host to the flea vector ''Ctenocephalides felis'', which has worldwide distribution |
||
** Fevers with headache, myalgia, maculopapular rash, neurologic involvement, vomiting, abdo pain, resp involvement |
** Fevers with headache, myalgia, maculopapular rash, neurologic involvement, vomiting, abdo pain, resp involvement |
||
| − | + | == Management == |
|
| − | * Doxycycline 100 mg po bid for 7 to 10 days |
+ | * [[Doxycycline]] 100 mg po bid for 7 to 10 days |
** Alternatively: tetracycline 2 g/day or chloramphenicol 2 g/d |
** Alternatively: tetracycline 2 g/day or chloramphenicol 2 g/d |
||
** Alternatively: ciprofloxacin 750 mg po bid for 5 to 7 days |
** Alternatively: ciprofloxacin 750 mg po bid for 5 to 7 days |
||
| Line 37: | Line 35: | ||
* ''Avoid'' Septra, which appears to ''worsen'' severity of disease! |
* ''Avoid'' Septra, which appears to ''worsen'' severity of disease! |
||
| − | + | = Ancestral Group = |
|
| + | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| + | [[Category:Rickettsioses]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
Revision as of 19:08, 14 August 2019
- A genus of obligate mostly-tick-borne intracellular Gram-negative bacteria
Typhus Group
- R. prowazekii: causes epidemic typhus, transmitted by the body louse
- R. typhi: causes murine/endemic typhus, transmitted by rat/cat fleas
Spotted Fever Group
- R. rickettsii: causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF)
- R. parkeri: carried by A. maculatum in the southern US and A. triste in Uruguay, Brazil, and Argentina
- R. conorrii: causes boutonneuse fever
- R. japonica: causes oriental spotter fever
- R. heilongiangensis: causes Far Eastern spotted fever in eastern Russia, Thailand, and China
- R. africae: causes African tick bite fever
- R. slovaca: causes tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA)
- Transmitted by Dermacentor marginatus ticks
Transitional Group
- R. akari: causes rickettsialpox, transmitted by the house mouse mite, Liponyssoides sanguineus
- R. australis: causes North Queensland tick typhus
- R. felis: causes flea-borne spotted fever
- Cats are host to the flea vector Ctenocephalides felis, which has worldwide distribution
- Fevers with headache, myalgia, maculopapular rash, neurologic involvement, vomiting, abdo pain, resp involvement
Management
- Doxycycline 100 mg po bid for 7 to 10 days
- Alternatively: tetracycline 2 g/day or chloramphenicol 2 g/d
- Alternatively: ciprofloxacin 750 mg po bid for 5 to 7 days
- But no good evidence for this
- Can use doxycycline safely for these duration in children <8 years, and is strongly indicated for rickettsioses
- May use azithromycin or clarithromycin in pregnant women
- Avoid Septra, which appears to worsen severity of disease!
Ancestral Group
Other Rickettsiae
- Orientia tsutsugamushi: causes scrub typhus, transmitted by chiggers
- Ehrlichia: transmitted by ticks
- Anaplasma: transmitted by ticks
- Neorickettsia: transmitted by helminths
- Wolbachia: transmitted by helminths and arthropods
