Protozoa: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 10:19, 3 August 2020

Amoebae: pseudopodia
- Obligate parasites
  - Entamoeba histolytica
  - Blastocystis hominis (maybe)
- Facultative free-living parasites
  - Naegleria fowleri: causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis
  - Balamuthia mandrillaris: causes granulomatous amoebic encephalitis
  - Acanthamoeba species: cause granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and amoebic keratitis
Flagellates: regular flagella or kinetoplastic flagella
- Non-kinetoplastid flagellates
  - Intestinal: Giardia lamblia and Dientamoeba fragilis
  - Genitourinary: Trichomonas vaginalis
- Kinetoplastid flagellates: flagellated protozoa with DNA inside large mitochondria at one end
  - Trypanosoma species
    - Trypanosoma cruzi: causes American trypanosomiasis
    - Trypanosoma brucei: causes human African trypanosomiasis
      - Trypanosoma brucei subsp. gambiense: causes West African trypanosomiasis
      - Trypanosoma brucei subsp. rhodesiense: causes East African trypanosomiasis
      - Other subspecies have case reports of causing human disease
  - Leishmania species
    - Old World, visceralizing: L. infantum, L. donovani (in India)
    - Old World, tegumentary: L. infantum, L. donovani (Sri Lanka), L. major, L. tropica
    - New World, visceralizing: L. chagasi (genetically identical to L. infantum)
    - New World, tegumentary:
      - Viannia group (should be treated systemically): L. braziliensis, L. panamensis, L. guyanensis
      - Leishmania group (may need only local treatment): L. mexicana
Apicomplexa: gliding, sexual reproduction
- Haemosporida
  - Plasmodium species
  - Babesia species
- Coccidia (not a microbiologically-sound category)
  - Blood and tissue
    - Toxoplasma gondii
    - Sarcocystis species
  - Gut
Ciliates: cilia
- Balantidium coli

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-* '''Amoebae''': pseudopodia
+*'''Amoebae''': pseudopodia
-** Obligate parasites
+**Obligate parasites
+***''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''
-*** Pathogenic
-**** ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''
+***''[[Blastocystis hominis]]'' (maybe)
+**Facultative free-living parasites
-**** ''[[Blastocystis hominis]]'' (maybe)
+***''[[Naegleria fowleri]]'': causes [[primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]]
-*** Non-pathogenic
+***''[[Balamuthia mandrillaris]]'': causes [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]]
-**** ''[[Entamoeba coli]]'', ''[[Entamoeba dispar]]'', ''[[Entamoeba hartmanii]]'', and ''[[Entamoeba polecki]]''
+***[[Acanthamoeba species]]: cause [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]] and [[amoebic keratitis]]
-**** ''[[Endolimax nana]]''
+*'''Flagellates''': regular flagella or kinetoplastic flagella
-**** ''[[Iodamoeba buetschlii]]''
+**'''Non-kinetoplastid''' flagellates
-** Facultative free-living parasites
-*** ''[[Naegleria fowleri]]'': causes [[primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]]
+***Intestinal: ''[[Giardia lamblia]]'' and ''[[Dientamoeba fragilis]]''
+***Genitourinary: ''[[Trichomonas vaginalis]]''
-*** ''[[Balamuthia mandrillaris]]'': causes [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]]
+**'''Kinetoplastid''' flagellates: flagellated protozoa with DNA inside large mitochondria at one end
-*** [[Acanthamoeba species]]: cause [[granulomatous amoebic encephalitis]] and [[amoebic keratitis]]
+***[[Trypanosoma species]]
-* '''Flagellates''': regular flagella or kinetoplastic flagella
+****''[[Trypanosoma cruzi]]'': causes [[American trypanosomiasis]]
-** '''Non-kinetoplastid''' flagellates
+****''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'': causes [[human African trypanosomiasis]]
-*** Pathogenic
+*****''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'' subsp. ''gambiense'': causes [[West African trypanosomiasis]]
-**** Intestinal: ''[[Giardia lamblia]]'' and ''[[Dientamoeba fragilis]]''
+*****''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'' subsp. ''rhodesiense'': causes [[East African trypanosomiasis]]
-**** Genitourinary: ''[[Trichomonas vaginalis]]''
+*****Other subspecies have case reports of causing human disease
-*** Non-pathogenic
+***[[Leishmania species]]
-**** Intestinal: ''[[Chilomastix mesnili]]'', ''[[Pentatrichomonas hominis]]''
+****Old World, visceralizing: ''L. infantum'', ''L. donovani'' (in India)
-**** Oral: ''[[Trichomonas tenax]]''
+****Old World, tegumentary: ''L. infantum'', ''L. donovani'' (Sri Lanka), ''L. major'', ''L. tropica''
-** '''Kinetoplastid''' flagellates: flagellated protozoa with DNA inside large mitochondria at one end
+****New World, visceralizing: ''L. chagasi'' (genetically identical to ''L. infantum'')
-*** [[Trypanosoma species]]
+****New World, tegumentary:
-**** ''[[Trypanosoma cruzi]]'': causes [[American trypanosomiasis]]
+*****Viannia group (should be treated systemically): ''L. braziliensis'', ''L. panamensis'', ''L. guyanensis''
-**** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'': causes [[human African trypanosomiasis]]
+*****Leishmania group (may need only local treatment): ''L. mexicana''
-***** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'' subsp. ''gambiense'': causes [[West African trypanosomiasis]]
+*'''Apicomplexa''': gliding, sexual reproduction
-***** ''[[Trypanosoma brucei]]'' subsp. ''rhodesiense'': causes [[East African trypanosomiasis]]
+**'''Haemosporida'''
-***** Other subspecies have case reports of causing human disease
-*** [[Leishmania species]]
+***[[Plasmodium species]]
+***[[Babesia species]]
-**** Old World, visceralizing: ''L. infantum'', ''L. donovani'' (in India)
+**'''Coccidia''' (not a microbiologically-sound category)
-**** Old World, tegumentary: ''L. infantum'', ''L. donovani'' (Sri Lanka), ''L. major'', ''L. tropica''
+***Blood and tissue
-**** New World, visceralizing: ''L. chagasi'' (genetically identical to ''L. infantum'')
+****''[[Toxoplasma gondii]]''
-**** New World, tegumentary:
+****[[Sarcocystis species]]
-***** Viannia group (should be treated systemically): ''L. braziliensis'', ''L. panamensis'', ''L. guyanensis''
+***Gut
-***** Leishmania group (may need only local treatment): ''L. mexicana''
+****[[Cryptosporidium species]]
-* '''Apicomplexa''': gliding, sexual reproduction
+****''[[Cyclospora cayetanensis]]''
-** '''Haemosporida'''
-*** [[Plasmodium species]]
+****''[[Cystoisospora belli]]''
-*** [[Babesia species]]
+****[[Sarcocystis species]]
+*'''Ciliates''': cilia
-** '''Coccidia''' (not a microbiologically-sound category)
+**''[[Balantidium coli]]''
-*** Blood and tissue
-**** ''[[Toxoplasma gondii]]''
-**** [[Sarcocystis species]]
-*** Gut
-**** [[Cryptosporidium species]]
-**** ''[[Cyclospora cayetanensis]]''
-**** ''[[Cystoisospora belli]]''
-**** [[Sarcocystis species]]
-* '''Ciliates''': cilia
-** ''[[Balantidium coli]]''
 [[Category:Parasites]]