Peripheral blood film: Difference between revisions
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| − | == Erythrocytes |
+ | == Erythrocytes == |
=== Distribution === |
=== Distribution === |
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* Agglutination: suggests IgM, either expected response to infection or autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
* Agglutination: suggests IgM, either expected response to infection or autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
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| − | * Rouleaux: paraproteinemia |
+ | * Rouleaux: [[paraproteinemia]] |
=== Morphology === |
=== Morphology === |
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=== Size === |
=== Size === |
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| − | * Microcytic |
+ | * Microcytic red blood cells |
| − | ** Iron-deficiency anemia |
+ | ** [[Iron-deficiency anemia]] |
*** Anisopoikilocytosis |
*** Anisopoikilocytosis |
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*** Target cells |
*** Target cells |
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*** Increased RDW |
*** Increased RDW |
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*** Increased platelets |
*** Increased platelets |
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| − | ** Thalassemia |
+ | ** [[Thalassemia]] |
*** Basophilic stippling |
*** Basophilic stippling |
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*** Increased RBC count to greater than 3x Hgb |
*** Increased RBC count to greater than 3x Hgb |
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*** Increased reticulocytes |
*** Increased reticulocytes |
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*** Positive HbH test (in alpha-thal) or Hb electrophoresis (in beta-thal) |
*** Positive HbH test (in alpha-thal) or Hb electrophoresis (in beta-thal) |
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| + | * Macrocytic red blood cells |
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| − | * Macrocytosis |
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| − | ** Megaloblastic with hypersegmented neutrophils |
+ | ** [[Megaloblastic anemia|Megaloblastic]] with hypersegmented neutrophils |
| − | *** Vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, medications, and myelodysplastic syndrome |
+ | *** [[Vitamin B12 deficiency]], [[folate deficiency]], medications, and [[myelodysplastic syndrome]] |
** Non-megaloblastic |
** Non-megaloblastic |
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| − | *** Alcohol, liver disease, hypothyroidism |
+ | *** [[Alcohol]], [[liver disease]], [[hypothyroidism]] |
| − | == Leukocytes |
+ | == Leukocytes == |
| − | * CLL |
+ | * [[CLL]] |
** Smudge cells |
** Smudge cells |
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** Soccer ball cells |
** Soccer ball cells |
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Revision as of 10:15, 23 October 2021
Erythrocytes
Distribution
- Agglutination: suggests IgM, either expected response to infection or autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- Rouleaux: paraproteinemia
Morphology
- Anisocytosis: size
- Poikilocytosis: shape
- Spherocytosis: Hereditary Spherocytosis (HS) or autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- Acanthocytes: irregular cellular projections seen in hyposplenism
- Echinocytes (burr cells): regular cellular projections that is usually artefact
- Bite cells: oxidative stress, like G6PD deficiency
Size
- Microcytic red blood cells
- Iron-deficiency anemia
- Anisopoikilocytosis
- Target cells
- Increased RDW
- Increased platelets
- Thalassemia
- Basophilic stippling
- Increased RBC count to greater than 3x Hgb
- Increased reticulocytes
- Positive HbH test (in alpha-thal) or Hb electrophoresis (in beta-thal)
- Iron-deficiency anemia
- Macrocytic red blood cells
- Megaloblastic with hypersegmented neutrophils
- Vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, medications, and myelodysplastic syndrome
- Non-megaloblastic
- Megaloblastic with hypersegmented neutrophils
Leukocytes
- CLL
- Smudge cells
- Soccer ball cells
- Reactive changes
- Dohle bodies: diffuse blue dot in cytoplasm
- Hypergranulation
- Vacuolation
- Left shift: increase in
- Promyelocytes
- Myelocytes
- Metamyelocytes
- Bands
- Neutrophils
