Opioids: Difference between revisions
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*IV is essentially twice as strong as PO |
*IV is essentially twice as strong as PO |
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+ | == Safety == |
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+ | |||
+ | === Adverse Events === |
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+ | {| class="wikitable" |
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+ | ! |
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+ | !Common |
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+ | !Occasional |
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+ | !Rare |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |Gastrointestinal |
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+ | |nausea, vomiting, constipation |
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+ | |delayed gastric emptying |
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+ | |biliary coli |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |Neurological |
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+ | |sedation, drowsiness, cognitive dysfunction |
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+ | |hallucinations, mood disturbance, anxiety, myoclonus |
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+ | |delirium, seizure, addiction |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |Respiratory |
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+ | |inhibition of cough reflex |
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+ | |dry mouth, bronchospasm |
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+ | |respiratory depression, non-cardiac pulmonary edema |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |Others |
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+ | |miosis |
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+ | |pruritus, muscle rigidity |
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+ | |hyperalgesia, allodynia, tolerance, physical dependence |
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+ | |} |
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[[Category:Addiction medicine]] |
[[Category:Addiction medicine]] |
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[[Category:Anaesthesia]] |
[[Category:Anaesthesia]] |
Latest revision as of 11:52, 7 May 2021
Background
- Class of analgesic medications that act primarily on the μ-opioid receptor
Morphine Milligram Equivalent Dose
Drug | MME per mg PO | MME per mg IV/SC |
---|---|---|
Meperidine | 0.1 | — |
Codeine | 0.15 | — |
Morphine | 1 | 2 |
Oxycodone | 1.5 | — |
Methadone | 3 | — |
Hydromorphone | 5 | 10 |
Fentanyl | 200 MME per 50 mcg/h transdermal |
Fentanyl
Fentanyl mcg/h | MME |
---|---|
25 | 60-134 |
37 | 135-179 |
50 | 180-224 |
62 | 225-269 |
75 | 270-314 |
87 | 315-359 |
100 | 360-404 |
- IV is essentially twice as strong as PO
Safety
Adverse Events
Common | Occasional | Rare | |
---|---|---|---|
Gastrointestinal | nausea, vomiting, constipation | delayed gastric emptying | biliary coli |
Neurological | sedation, drowsiness, cognitive dysfunction | hallucinations, mood disturbance, anxiety, myoclonus | delirium, seizure, addiction |
Respiratory | inhibition of cough reflex | dry mouth, bronchospasm | respiratory depression, non-cardiac pulmonary edema |
Others | miosis | pruritus, muscle rigidity | hyperalgesia, allodynia, tolerance, physical dependence |