Meningitis: Difference between revisions
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+ | ==Background== |
| − | * |
+ | *Inflammation or infection of the meninges and subarachnoid spact |
| − | * |
+ | *May be acute, subacute, or [[Chronic meningitis|chronic]] |
| − | * |
+ | *May be caused by [[Bacterial meningitis|bacteria]], [[Viral meningitis|viruses]], [[Fungal meningitis|fungi]], [[Parasitic meningitis|parasites]], or [[Aseptic meningitis|non-infectious causes]] |
| − | == |
+ | ==Diagnosis== |
| − | * |
+ | *Typically confirmed by lumbar puncture demonstrating pleocytosis, with or without MRI brain |
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|Opening pressure |
|Opening pressure |
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| − | |12 |
+ | |12 to 20 cmH<sub>2</sub>O |
|raised |
|raised |
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|normal or raised |
|normal or raised |
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|Protein |
|Protein |
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|0.4 g/L |
|0.4 g/L |
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| + | |high |
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| − | |raised |
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| + | |somewhat high |
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| − | |slightly raised |
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| + | |very high |
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| − | |markedly raised |
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| + | |high |
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| − | |raised |
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|Glucose |
|Glucose |
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Revision as of 16:37, 12 August 2020
Background
- Inflammation or infection of the meninges and subarachnoid spact
- May be acute, subacute, or chronic
- May be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or non-infectious causes
Diagnosis
- Typically confirmed by lumbar puncture demonstrating pleocytosis, with or without MRI brain
| Parameter | Normal | Bacterial | Viral | Tuberculous | Fungal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opening pressure | 12 to 20 cmH2O | raised | normal or raised | raised | raised |
| Appearance | clear | cloudy | clear | clear or cloudy | clear or cloudy |
| WBC count | <5 | >100 | 5 to 100 | 5 to 500 | 5 to 500 |
| Differential | PMN | lymphocyte | lymphocyte | lymphocyte | |
| Protein | 0.4 g/L | high | somewhat high | very high | high |
| Glucose | >2/3 of plasma | very low | normal to low | very low | low |
