Hiccups
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Revision as of 12:55, 16 March 2023 by Aidan (talk | contribs) (Created page with "== Etiologies == * CNS ** '''Stroke''', cerebral AVM, temporal arteritis ** '''Encephalitis''', meningitis, brain abscess, neurosyphilis ** Head trauma, intracranial neoplasm, brainstem neoplasm, syringomyelia, hydrocephalus ** Multiple sclerosis * Vagus or phrenic nerve ** '''Goiter''' ** '''Pharyngitis''' ** Laryngitis, hair or foreign-body irritation of tympanic membrane, neck cyst, or other tumor * Gastrointestinal: gastric distention...")
Etiologies
- CNS
- Stroke, cerebral AVM, temporal arteritis
- Encephalitis, meningitis, brain abscess, neurosyphilis
- Head trauma, intracranial neoplasm, brainstem neoplasm, syringomyelia, hydrocephalus
- Multiple sclerosis
- Vagus or phrenic nerve
- Goiter
- Pharyngitis
- Laryngitis, hair or foreign-body irritation of tympanic membrane, neck cyst, or other tumor
- Gastrointestinal: gastric distention, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, gastric carcinoma, intraabdominal abscess, gallbladder disease, inflammatory bowel disease, hepatitis, aerophagia, esophageal distention, esophagitis, bowel obstruction
- Thoracic: lymphadenopathy, pneumonia, empyema, bronchitis, asthma, pleuritis, aortic aneurysm, mediastinitis, mediastinal tumor, chest trauma, pulmonary embolism
- Cardiovascular: myocardial infarction, pericarditis
- Toxic: alcohol, diabetes mellitus, hypocalcemia, hypocapnia, hyponatremia, uremia
- Mediations: alpha methyldopa, short-acting barbiturates, chemotherapeutic agents (eg, carboplatin), dexamethasone, diazepam
- Postoperative: general anesthesia, intubation (glottis stimulation), neck extension (stretching phrenic nerve roots), gastric distention, traction on viscera
- Other: subphrenic abscess, malaria, tuberculosis, varicella-zoster virus, COVID-19
