Ganciclovir: Difference between revisions
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+ | == Background == |
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− | * Inhibits all [[human herpesviruses]] by inhibiting DNA polymerase |
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+ | === Mechanism of Action === |
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+ | *Analog of deoxyguanosine, competes with deoxyguanosine to inhibit viral DNA polymerase |
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+ | === Mechanisms of Resistance === |
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+ | === Spectrum of Activity === |
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+ | * Active against [[HSV-1]], [[HSV-2]], [[VZV]], [[CMV]], [[HHV-6]], and [[HHV-8]] |
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+ | === Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics === |
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+ | == Safety == |
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* Major toxicity is cytopenias |
* Major toxicity is cytopenias |
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[[Category:Antivirals]] |
[[Category:Antivirals]] |
Revision as of 21:14, 11 September 2020
Background
- Guanosine nucleoside analogue similar to acyclovir
- Indications: CMV after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, CMV after solid organ transplantation, Congenital CMV, Cytomegalovirus, Herpesviridae, Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1, Post-transplant acute limbic encephalitis
Mechanism of Action
- Analog of deoxyguanosine, competes with deoxyguanosine to inhibit viral DNA polymerase
Mechanisms of Resistance
- Resistance in CMV
- Most often conferred by mutations of UL97 kinase, which is required in order to phosphorylate ganciclovir into its active form
- Can also develop through mutations in the target UL54 DNA polymerase
Spectrum of Activity
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
- Oral bioavailability 6-8%
Safety
- Major toxicity is cytopenias