Microbiology
- Aerobic organisms
- Pasteurella (50%), especially Pasteurella canis (26%)
- Streptococcus (46%), especially Streptococcus mitis (22%), Streptococcus mutans (12%), and Streptococcus pyogenes (12%)
- Staphylococcus (46%), especially Staphylococcus aureus (20%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (18%)
- Neisseria (32%), especially Neisseria weaveri (14%) and Neisseria zoodegmatis (10%)
- Corynebacterium (12%)
- Moraxella (10%)
- Enterococcus (10%)
- Bacillus (8%)
- Capnocytophaga canimorsus
- Anaerobic organisms
- Fusobacterium (32%), especially Fusobacterium nucleatum (16%)
- Porphyromonas (28%), especially Porphyromonas macacae (6%), and Porphyromonas cansulci (6%)
- Prevotella (28%), especially Prevotella heparinolytica (14%)
- Propionibacterium (20%), especially Propionibacterium acnes (14%)
- Bacteroides (18%), especially Bacteroides tectus (14%)
- Peptostreptococcus (16%)
- Rare
