Capnocytophaga canimorsus: Difference between revisions

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Capnocytophaga canimorsus
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Latest revision as of 22:44, 26 September 2022


Background

Microbiology

  • Gram-negative bacillus in the genus Capnocytophaga
  • May be fusiform and curved
  • Grows slowly on standard media
  • Capnophilic, preferring high CO2
  • Oral flora of dogs (60-70%) and cats (15-55%)

Risk Factors

Clinical Manifestations

  • Infections usually occur after penetrative inoculation from a dog bite or by exposure of membranes or wounds to saliva
    • Exposures include close petting, kissing, minor scratches, licking of abrasions, licking of intact skin

Bacteremia

  • Symptoms associated with bacteremia include fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, and confusion
  • A rash is present in 20 to 40%, which can vary from macular or maculopapular rash on trunk and extremities, to purpura fulminans
  • Mortality with bacteremia is 15 to 30%

Meningitis

  • Headache, fever, neck stiffness, and altered mental status

Other Sites

  • Endocarditis is rare, but high mortality around 25%
  • Case reports of brain abscess, spinal epidural abscess, eye infections, bone and joint infections, cellulitis, glomerulonephritis, and pneumonia

Management