Campylobacter: Difference between revisions

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Campylobacter
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* Gram-negative bacillus that is a common cause of foodborne illness, especially associated with undercooked poultry
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*Gram-negative bacillus that is a common cause of foodborne illness, especially associated with undercooked poultry
   
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== Background ==
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==Background==
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=== Microbiology ===
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===Microbiology===
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* Oxidase-positive]], catalase [[Oxidase::positive]], curved, [[Stain::Gram [[Catalase::negative]] [[Cellular shape::bacillus]]
  
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* Includes [[Campylobacter jejuni]] and [[Campylobacter coli]]
  
   
  +
*Genus of oxidase [[Oxidase::positive]], catalase [[Catalase::positive]], curved, [[Stain::Gram-negative]] [[Cellular shape::bacillus|bacilli]]
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== Clinical Manifestations ==
  
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*Includes [[Campylobacter jejuni]] and [[Campylobacter coli]]
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=== Complications ===
  
   
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{| class="wikitable"
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* [[Guillain-Barré syndrome]] (GBS)
  
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! colspan="3" |Growth Temp (ºC)
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* [[MALT lymphoma]]
  
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! rowspan="2" |Nitrate
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! colspan="2" |H<sub>2</sub>S
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! rowspan="2" |Hippurate Hydrolysis
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! colspan="2" |Susceptibility
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! rowspan="2" |C-19 FA Reduction
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! rowspan="2" |Species
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|-
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!25
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!37
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!42
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!TSI
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!Lead Acetate Paper
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!Cephalothin
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!Nalidixic Acid
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|-
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
|R
  +
|S
  +
| +
  +
|[[Campylobacter jejuni]]
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|-
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
|v
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
|R
  +
|S
  +
| +
  +
|[[Campylobacter coli]]
  +
|-
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
|R
  +
|R
  +
| +
  +
|[[Campylobacter lari]]
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|-
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
|v
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
|v
  +
|–
  +
|S
  +
|R
  +
|–
  +
|[[Campylobacter fetus]] subsp. fetus
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|-
  +
|v
  +
| +
  +
|v
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
|S
  +
|R
  +
| +
  +
|[[Campylobacter hyointestinalis]]
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|-
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
|S
  +
|S
  +
|–
  +
|[[Campylobacter cinaedi]]
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|-
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
|S
  +
|S
  +
|–
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|[[Campylobacter upsaliensis]]
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|-
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
|–
  +
|–
  +
| +
  +
|–
  +
|S
  +
|S
  +
|–
  +
|[[Helicobacter fennelliae]]
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|}
   
  +
==Clinical Manifestations==
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== Management ==
  
   
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* Enteric disease, with [[Acute gastroenteritis|acute blood gastroenteritis]], is most common with [[Campylobacter jejeni]]
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* No antibiotics needed if stable
  
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** ALso seen with [[Campylobacter coli]], [[Campylobacter lari]], [[Campylobacter fetus]], [[Helicobacter fennelliae]], [[Helicobacter cinaedi]], [[Campylobacter upsaliensis]], [[Arcobacter butzleri]], [[Arcobacter skirrowi]], and [[Arcobacter cryaerophilus]]
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* If requiring antibiotics, use [[Is treated by::ciprofloxacin]] or [[Is treated by::azithomycin]] for 5 days, or [[Is treated by::clarithromycin]] for 7 days
  
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* Extraintestinal disease, with [[bacteremia]] and [[endovascular infection]], is most common with [[Campylobacter fetus]] subspecies ''fetus''
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** Also seen with [[Campylobacter jejuni]], [[Campylobacter coli]], [[Campylobacter lari]], [[Helicobacter fennelliae]], [[Helicobacter cinaedi]], [[Campylobacter sputorum]], [[Campylobacter hyointestinalis]], and [[Helicobacter rappini]]
  +
  +
{| class="wikitable"
  +
!
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![[Campylobacter jejuni]]
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![[Campylobacter fetus]] subsp. ''fetus''
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|-
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|Reservoir
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|birds, food animal
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|cattle and sheep
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|-
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|Epidemiology
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|healthy hosts of all ages, often cluster
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|debilitated hosts, rarely clusters
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|-
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|Culture From
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|feces
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|bloodstream
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|-
  +
|Clinical Manifestations
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|[[acute gastroenteritis]], [[colitis]]
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|[[bacteremia]], [[meningitis]], [[endovascular infection]], [[abscess]], [[gastroenteritis]]
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|-
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|Diarrhea
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|common
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|uncommon
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|-
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|Prognosis
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|self-limited
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|can be fatal
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|}
  +
  +
===Complications===
  +
  +
*[[Guillain-Barré syndrome]] (GBS)
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*[[MALT lymphoma]]
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  +
==Management==
  +
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*No antibiotics needed if stable
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*If requiring antibiotics, use [[Is treated by::ciprofloxacin]] or [[Is treated by::azithomycin]] for 5 days, or [[Is treated by::clarithromycin]] for 7 days
   
 
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Campylobacter'' species}}
  
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Campylobacter'' species}}

Revision as of 09:12, 22 August 2020

  • Gram-negative bacillus that is a common cause of foodborne illness, especially associated with undercooked poultry

Background

Microbiology

Growth Temp (ºC) Nitrate H2S Hippurate Hydrolysis Susceptibility C-19 FA Reduction Species
25 37 42 TSI Lead Acetate Paper Cephalothin Nalidixic Acid
– + + + – + + R S + Campylobacter jejuni
– + + + v + – R S + Campylobacter coli
– + + + – + – R R + Campylobacter lari
+ + v + – v – S R – Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus
v + v + + + – S R + Campylobacter hyointestinalis
– + – + – + – S S – Campylobacter cinaedi
– + + + – + – S S – Campylobacter upsaliensis
– + – – – + – S S – Helicobacter fennelliae

Clinical Manifestations

Campylobacter jejuni Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus
Reservoir birds, food animal cattle and sheep
Epidemiology healthy hosts of all ages, often cluster debilitated hosts, rarely clusters
Culture From feces bloodstream
Clinical Manifestations acute gastroenteritis, colitis bacteremia, meningitis, endovascular infection, abscess, gastroenteritis
Diarrhea common uncommon
Prognosis self-limited can be fatal

Complications

Management

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