Acute retinal necrosis: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 13:06, 13 February 2021

Background

Definition:
- Well-demarcated retinal necrosis on peripheral retina
- Rapid progression of necrosis
- Circumferential spread
- Occlusive vasculopathy
- Vitreal and aqueous inflammation

Differential Diagnosis

Most commonly HSV and VZV, though CMV also possible

Clinical Manifestations

Starts as anterior uveitis (painful, red eye with vision loss) that progresses to retinal necrosis
High rates of retinal detachment and blindness

Management

Directed by causative organism
Involvement of Ophthalmology
Typically requires intravenous ± intravitreal acyclovir, stepped down to oral valacyclovir after 5 to 10 days, to complete 3 months
- Sometimes intravitreal ganciclovir or foscarnet is added
May require steroids, usually added after 24 hours of antiviral therapy
May require vitrectomy or laser therapy

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Background ==
+==Background==
-* Definition:
-** Well-demarcated retinal necrosis on peripheral retina
-** Rapid progression of necrosis
-** Circumferential spread
-** Occlusive vasculopathy
-** Vitreal and aqueous inflammation
+*Definition:
-== Differential Diagnosis ==
+**Well-demarcated retinal necrosis on peripheral retina
-* Most commonly [[HSV]] and [[VZV]], though [[CMV]] also possible
+**Rapid progression of necrosis
+**Circumferential spread
+**Occlusive vasculopathy
+**Vitreal and aqueous inflammation
+==Differential Diagnosis==
-== Clinical Manifestations ==
-* Starts as anterior uveitis (painful, red eye with vision loss) that progresses to retinal necrosis
-* High rates of retinal detachment and blindness
+*Most commonly [[HSV]] and [[VZV]], though [[CMV]] also possible
-== Management ==
-* Directed by causative organism
+==Clinical Manifestations==
-* Involvement of Ophthalmology
-* Typically requires intravenous ± intravitreal [[Is treated by::acyclovir]], stepped down to oral [[valacyclovir]]
+*Starts as anterior uveitis (painful, red eye with vision loss) that progresses to retinal necrosis
-* May require steroids
+*High rates of retinal detachment and blindness
-* May require vitrectomy or laser therapy
+==Management==
+*Directed by causative organism
+*Involvement of Ophthalmology
+*Typically requires intravenous ± intravitreal [[Is treated by::acyclovir]], stepped down to oral [[valacyclovir]] after 5 to 10 days, to complete 3 months
+**Sometimes intravitreal [[ganciclovir]] or [[foscarnet]] is added
+*May require steroids, usually added after 24 hours of antiviral therapy
+*May require vitrectomy or laser therapy
 [[Category:Ophthalmology]]