Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis
From IDWiki
Background
Microbiology
- Coagulase-negative staphylococci
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Streptococci
- Diphtheroids
- Gram-negative bacteria, if underlying GI pathology
Pathophysiology
- Acquired from catheter, exit site, dialysate fluid, or transmural migration
Epidemiology
- On average one episode per patient per year
Clinical Manifestations
- Peritonitis, with diffuse abdominal pain and tenderness and cloudy or purulent dialysate
- Typically no fever
Management
- Intraperitoneal antibiotics are preferred unless systemic infection or bacteremia
- Duration 14 to 21 days, or 1 week after catheter removal
