Manganese toxicity

Background

• Tolerable daily intake of 0.025 μg/kg BW/day
  • Concentration in the air of 0.11 μg/m³

Clinical Manifestations

• Chronic, high exposure (>1 mg/m³) can result in Parkinson disease
• Manganism, characterized by psychotic symptoms including aggression and irritability, nervousness, emiotional lability, typically after high exposure
• Low-level exposures (>0.2 mg/m³) may also have subtle neurological findings, including worsening reaction times and decreased memory